나옹과 오대산 북대

Abstract

This paper reviews the significance of Bukdae (北臺, North Dae), northern part of Odaesan Mountain after Naong Hyegeun (1320 ~ 1376) stayed at the temples in the area in the late Goryeo Dynasty. Master Naong stayed twice at the temples in Odaesan Mountain, a symbol of ancient Buddhism. While staying at Sangdu-am (present Mireuk-am) Hermitage located in Bukdae, the northern part of Odaesan Mountain, he was associated with Godam from the Linji School (臨濟宗) of China, and also with Hwanam Honsu who rebuilt Goun-am Hermitage and stayed at Sinseong-am Hermitage. This is remarkable not only in the Buddhist history of Odaesan, but also in the history of Korean Buddhism. Later Naong stayed at Yeonggam-am Hermitage in Namdae, the southern part of Odaesan Mountain. He seemed to have vowed to revive Buddhism in Odaesan area. According to the historical documents, Naong left a verse in Jungdae, center of Odaesan Mountain, and practiced facing Saminbong Peak. While staying at Sangdu-am Hermitage in Bukdae, he practiced at the nearby Naongdae, worshiping the Jeokmyeolbogung, a shrine for the Buddha's sarira. According to Odaesan Sajeokgi (五臺山事蹟記), Naong was said to have reconstructed Dosol-am in the North and Gwaneum-am in the East of the mountain, but it is not clear. Naong composed a poem looking at Okgyesu spring, which flows through the Jungdae (中臺), the center of Odaesan Mountain, apparently vowing to promote Buddhism at the end of the Goryeo Dynasty. As such, Naong wanted to stay at Buddhist temples in Bukdae, such as Sangdu-am Hermitage, to promote Buddhism in Odaesan area. His will was inherited by his disciples who revived Buddhism in the late Goryeo and early Joseon Dynasties.