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파편의 정치학 ―M. 누베세 필립과 명미 김의 공적 실천으로서의 시

Politics of Fragments: M. NourbeSe Philip and Myung Mi Kim’s Poetics as Public Praxis

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This paper presents a comparative reading of M. NourbeSe Philip and Myung Mi Kim’s fragmentary poems that draw attention to their countertextual impulse. Both of them, infamous for the radical experiments of poetic forms, have tried to delve into the relationships between history and poetry, between language and reality, between poetic form and content. For these two poets, poetic form has long been sustained as the praxis and methodology of writing to attain the public value of poetry and to problematize the ideological aspect of English as the world language in the current world system. The form of fragments, among others, has been the creative power to sustain the unspeakable witness and impossible representation in the past history. While the uncanniness of the fragmentary forms estranges readers sometimes, it provides a necessary position and effective angle from which to turn toward the unspeakable, the untraceable, the unrepresentable. Hence the claims of Philip and Kim that poetry must tread the route of words and vacant space in a new way, in the fracture and disseminations, at any how, if it is to bear witness to the human history and the forgotten, can construct the common counter-textual ground in the pages as the mixture of sound and silence, letters and blank, meaning and nonsense. This article, while relocating the scattered words in the texts of Philip and Kim as the act of de-contamination, argues that the radical explorations with the fragments in these two contemporary poets invite readers to rethink the public value of poetry, poetry as praxis of social, historial imperatives that can be fulfilled through everyday writing and reading.

Abstract

This paper presents a comparative reading of M. NourbeSe Philip and Myung Mi Kim’s fragmentary poems that draw attention to their countertextual impulse. Both of them, infamous for the radical experiments of poetic forms, have tried to delve into the relationships between history and poetry, between language and reality, between poetic form and content. For these two poets, poetic form has long been sustained as the praxis and methodology of writing to attain the public value of poetry and to problematize the ideological aspect of English as the world language in the current world system. The form of fragments, among others, has been the creative power to sustain the unspeakable witness and impossible representation in the past history. While the uncanniness of the fragmentary forms estranges readers sometimes, it provides a necessary position and effective angle from which to turn toward the unspeakable, the untraceable, the unrepresentable. Hence the claims of Philip and Kim that poetry must tread the route of words and vacant space in a new way, in the fracture and disseminations, at any how, if it is to bear witness to the human history and the forgotten, can construct the common counter-textual ground in the pages as the mixture of sound and silence, letters and blank, meaning and nonsense. This article, while relocating the scattered words in the texts of Philip and Kim as the act of de-contamination, argues that the radical explorations with the fragments in these two contemporary poets invite readers to rethink the public value of poetry, poetry as praxis of social, historial imperatives that can be fulfilled through everyday writing and reading.

참고문헌 (20)

  1. 김양순, "아시아계 미국시의 재편성: 캐시 송, 명미 김, 수지 곽 김의 차이를 중심으로", 미국학 논집, 42(3), pp.203~241 (2010), 한국아메리카학회
  2. 김의영, "증언의 불가능성과 절차주의 시학: 필립의 『종!』 읽기", 안과밖:영미문학연구, (41), pp.261~281 (2016), 영미문학연구회
  3. 박주영, "언어, 역사, 정체성: 명미 김의 통언어적 시학", 영미문학연구, (17), pp.181~216 (2009), 영미문학연구회
  4. 정은귀, "탈골된 문법과 다시 쓰는 역사: 미국시의 지평에서 보는 한국계 미국시의 문화정치학", 인문논총, (55), pp.107~138 (2006), 인문학연구원
  5. 정은귀, "포스트모던 시학의 난해함 다시 읽기: 프레드릭 제임슨의 밥 펄먼론을 중심으로", 영미문학연구, (14), pp.129~160 (2008), 영미문학연구회
  6. Austen, Veronica J., "Zong!’s “Should we?”: Questioning the Ethical Representation of Trauma", ESC, 37(3–4), pp.61~81 (2011)
  7. Baucom, Ian, "Specters of the Atlantic: Finance Capital, Slavery, and the Philosophy of History" (2005), Duke UP
  8. Fehskens Erin M., "Accounts Unpaid, Accounts Untold: M. NourbeSe Philip’s Zong! and the Catalogue", Callaloo, 35(2), pp.407~424 (2012)
  9. Lisa Fink, "“Sing the Bones Home”: Material Memory and the Project of Freedom in M. NourbeSe Philip’s Zong!", Humanities, 9(1), pp.22~ (2020), MDPI AG[DOI]
  10. Frisch, Michael H., "The Memory of History", Radical History Review, 25, pp.9~23 (1981)
  11. Guttman, Naomi, "Dream of the Mother Language: Myth and History in She Tries Her Tongue, Her Silence Softly Breaks", MELUS, 21(3), pp.53~68 (1996)
  12. Lewis, Andrew, "Martin Dockay and the Zong: A Tribute in the Form of a Chronology", The Journal of Legal History, 28(3), pp.357~370 (2007)
  13. Liu, Warren, "American Poets in the 21st Century", pp.252~266 (2007), Wesleyan UP
  14. Mahlis, Kristen, "A Poet of Place: An Interview with M. NourbeSe Philip", Callaloo, 27(3), pp.682~697 (2004)
  15. Mahlis, Kristen, "M. NourbeSe Philip: Language, Place, and Exile", Journal of West Indian Literature, 14(1, pp.2) (2005), 165~201
  16. Philip, Marlene NourbeSe, "She Tries Her Tongue, Her Silence Softly Breaks" (1989), Ragweed
  17. Philip, Marlene NourbeSe, "Zong!" (2008), Wesleyan UP
  18. Rankine, Claudia, "Eleven More American Women Poets in the 21st Century" (2012), Wesleyan UP
  19. Schlegel, Friedrich, "Philosophical Fragments" (1991), U of Minnesota P
  20. Sharpe, Jenny, "The Archive and Affective Memory in M. NourbeSe Philip’s Zong!", Interventions, 16, pp.465~482 (2014)

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