본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

MZ세대 공무원의 이직 의도에 영향을 주는 요인 : 직무만족의 매개효과 및 공공봉사동기의 조절효과

A Study on Factors Influencing Turnover Intentions of Generation MZ Public Servants : The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction and the Moderating Effect of Public Service Motivation

김병헌|이영미
한국비교정부학회 (The Korean Association For Comparative Government)|2024.09|한국비교정부학보 (Korean Comparative Government Review)|제28권 제3호|pp. 95-120|DOI 10.18397/kcgr.2024.28.3.95

0

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

직무만족Job SatisfactionMZ Generation이직의도Public Service MotivationMZ세대Turnover Intentions공공봉사동기Job Values직업 가치관
주제분류행정학

초록

(Purpose) This study aims to analyze the effects of job values, job satisfaction, and job motivation on turnover intention of Generation MZ public servants, and to verify the mediating effect of job satisfaction and moderating effect of job motivation. (Research Design/Methodology/Approach) This study aims to empirically examine the factors that influence the turnover intention of MZ generation public servants by using the dataset of the Korea Public Administration Research Institute's 'Generational Value Change and Organizational Innovation in Public Service Society' study. Using SPSS 29.0 and SPSS process macro models 4 and 7, various statistical methods such as frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis, mediating and moderating effects were used. (Research findings) Three main findings were obtained: first, job value, job satisfaction, and service motivation have significant effects on turnover intention; second, job satisfaction mediates the relationship between job value and turnover intention; and third, service motivation has a mediating effect on the effect of job value on turnover intention through job satisfaction. (Research implications and originality) This study provides a basis for developing organizational-level policies to reduce turnover intention by considering the characteristics of Generation MZ public servants. It makes an important contribution to the literature by identifying public service motivation as an aspect of job value that is unique to public servants that distinguishes them from other professions.

Abstract

(Purpose) This study aims to analyze the effects of job values, job satisfaction, and job motivation on turnover intention of Generation MZ public servants, and to verify the mediating effect of job satisfaction and moderating effect of job motivation. (Research Design/Methodology/Approach) This study aims to empirically examine the factors that influence the turnover intention of MZ generation public servants by using the dataset of the Korea Public Administration Research Institute's 'Generational Value Change and Organizational Innovation in Public Service Society' study. Using SPSS 29.0 and SPSS process macro models 4 and 7, various statistical methods such as frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis, mediating and moderating effects were used. (Research findings) Three main findings were obtained: first, job value, job satisfaction, and service motivation have significant effects on turnover intention; second, job satisfaction mediates the relationship between job value and turnover intention; and third, service motivation has a mediating effect on the effect of job value on turnover intention through job satisfaction. (Research implications and originality) This study provides a basis for developing organizational-level policies to reduce turnover intention by considering the characteristics of Generation MZ public servants. It makes an important contribution to the literature by identifying public service motivation as an aspect of job value that is unique to public servants that distinguishes them from other professions.

참고문헌 (85)

  1. Alonso, P., "Public service motivation and job performance: Evidence from the federal sector", The American Review of Public Administration, 31(4), pp.363~380 (2001)
  2. Bright, L., "Does Public Service Motivation Really Make a Diff Erence on the Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intentions of Public Employees?", American Review of Public Administration, 38(2), pp.149~166 (2008)
  3. Choi, Hyun-Ah, "The impact of career counselors' job values o n organizational commitment: Mediating effect of job satisfaction", Journal of the Korean Society of Industrial-Academic Technology, 19(2), pp.472~482 (2018)
  4. Choi, Ji-Hyun, "The impact of millennial generation's job values o n tenure at first job: Continuous mediating effects of personal-job fit and job satisfaction", Vocational Education Research, 40(4), pp.31~55 (2021)
  5. Choi, Young-Kwan, "The impact of police officers' public service motivation on job satisfaction and organizational commitment : Hierarchical organizational culture as a moderating variable", Journal of Korean Public Security Administration, 17(4), pp.231~251 (2020)
  6. Dawis, R. V., "A Psychological Theory of Work Adjustment" (1984), University of Minnesota Press
  7. Go, Dae-yu, "The impact of public service motivation on turnover intention: Focusing on genuine leadership and transactional leadership", Korean Journal of Personnel Management, 20(1), pp.91~118 (2021)
  8. Gu, Da-Yeon, "A study on the analysis of “MZ generation” women’s post-self-development discourse", Master, pp.2022
  9. Ha, Yeo-Jin, "The effect of job congruence on turnover intention mediated by job satisfaction", Journal of Educational Finance and Economics, 25(2), pp.29~52 (2016)
  10. Hom, P. W., "What is wrong with turnover research? Commentary on Russell's Critique", Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 6(2), pp.174~181 (2013)
  11. Hwang, Seong-Ho, "Analysis of the impact of organizational commitment and turnover intention of MZ generation civil servants: Focusing on civil servants in their 20s and 30s belonging to 17 metropolitan governments across the country", Korean Journal of Public Management, 37(1), pp.217~251 (2023)
  12. Jang, Gil-Woong, "The impact of public health center members' job satisfaction and organizational commitment on public service motivation", Journal of Convergence Knowledge Society, 7(2), pp.33~42 (2019)
  13. Jeon, Byeong-Ju, "Empirical study on the level and relationship between job stress, job satisfaction, and turnover intention of social welfare public officials: Focusing on comparison between serials: Focusing on comparison between serials", Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 14(4), pp.168~179 (2014)
  14. Jeon, Sang-Guk, "Analysis of the relationship between job values a nd job satisfaction of Air Force pilots", Journal of Vocational Education, 31(4), pp.25~42 (2012)
  15. Jeon, So-Hee, "Public servants’ public service motivation, public service satisfaction, and turnover intention: An exploratory study on the relational mechanism", Korean Journal of Personnel Management, 22(1), pp.91~119 (2023)
  16. Jeong, Dong-Hyuk, "An analysis of the impact of public service values o n public servants' turnover intention", Korean Journal of Local Administration, 18, pp.151~177 (2021)
  17. Jeong, Myeong-Hwa, "The impact of social enterprise employees' job satisfaction and organizational commitment on turnover intention", Master, pp.2011
  18. Jeong, Ye-seul, "Differential effects of job value types on organizational commitment : mediating effects of job enthusiasm and job satisfaction and moderating effects of person-organization fit", Journal of the Korean Psychological Association, 26(4), pp.507~532 (2013)
  19. Ji, Min-Kyung, "Analysis of the relationship between job satisfaction, professional performance, and turnover intention: Focusing on dental hygienists: Focusing on dental hygienists", Journal of the Korean Entertainment Industry Association, 9(4), pp.343~350 (2015)
  20. Jin, J., "Stability and change in work values: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), pp.326~339 (2012)
  21. Jung, Bo-Sung, "A study on generational differences in police organization members", Journal of the Korean Police Academy, 22(1) (2020)
  22. Jung, H. Y., "Relationships among work environment, job satisfaction and turnover intention of nurses in an emergency department", Journal of East-West Nursing Research, 20(1), pp.29~36 (2014)
  23. Kang, Dong-Cheol, "The impact of local public servants' public service motivation(PSM)on turnover intention through human relationships : Focusing on public servants in Busan Metropolitan City", Social Science Research, 55(2), pp.381~418 (2016)
  24. Kang, Jae-Tae, "A comparative study on the occupational values o f technical high school students and vocational training students", Gyeongsang National University Saemaul Research, 5, pp.109~127 (1987)
  25. Kang, Na-Yul, "A study on the effects of public employees' job value perceptions on job crafting and organizational commitment", Contemporary Society and Administration, 29(1), pp.197~234 (2019)
  26. Kim, Do-Hee, "Structural relationships among work ability, self-efficacy, job satisfaction, aftereffects, and coworker relationships of reemployed industrially injured workers", Journal of Digital Convergence, 20(2), pp.463~477 (2022)
  27. Kim, Eun-Hee, "Analysis of Chinese neologism expressions from a digital literacy perspective", Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 21, 12(5), pp.3149~3164 (2021)
  28. Kim, Gyeong-Ri, "The impact of public service motivation on organizational member attitudes: Focusing on the differences between public and private organizations", Journal of Social Science, 53(1), pp.77~102 (2022)
  29. Kim, Jeong-Yoon, "A case study on the MZ generation’s perception of social participation", Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 21, 14(1), pp.2755~2770 (2023)
  30. Kim, Pil, "Public service motivation and turnover intention: Focusing on the mediating effects of emotional commitment and job satisfaction", Journal of Public Administration, 58(1), pp.73~108 (2020)
  31. Kim, Sang-Muk, "Motivation for choosing public office and behavior of public officials", Korean Public Administration Research, 14(2), pp.297~325 (2005)
  32. Kim, Sang-Muk, "Achievements and challenges of research on public service motivation", Journal of Government Studies, 24(3), pp.43~112 (2018)
  33. Kim, Sang-Muk, "Public service motivation and human resource management of public officials", Korean Journal of Personnel Management, 17(3), pp.145~174 (2018)
  34. Kim, Seo-Kyoung, "The impact of ethical management of family restaurants on organizational trust, organizational commitment, and customer orientation", Restaurant Management Research, 15(2), pp.59~81 (2012)
  35. Kim, Tae-Ho, "A study on the impact of public service motivation on the innovative behavior of organizational members", Korean Journal of Public Administration, 48(3), pp.143~168 (2010)
  36. Kim, Tae-Hyung, "A study of employee attitudes based on differences in perceived job value between pre-and post-employment", Journal of Human Resource Management Research, 21(3), pp.407~434 (2014)
  37. Kim, Young-Eun, "The impact of organizational values of public institutions on public service motivation and work enthusiasm", Korean Journal of Public Administration, 52(4), pp.55~85 (2018)
  38. Kinnane, J. F., "Family background and work value orientation", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 9(4), pp.320~325 (1962)
  39. "2022 Public Service Life Survey (National Approved Statistics Publication Report)" (2023)[URL]
  40. Occupational values test development report, "Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training", Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training, ~ (2001)
  41. Lee, Hye-Yoon, "The impact of public service motivation (PSM) and job motivation factors on job satisfaction: Focusing on employees of public enterprises and quasi-governmental organizations", Korean Society for Policy Studies Spring Conference Proceedings, 2013, pp.881~911 (2013)
  42. Lee, Hyun-Suk, "The impact of nurses' life values on turnover intention: Differences by generation", Journal of Digital Convergence, 19(1), pp.101~116 (2021)
  43. Lee, Kang-Moon, "The impact of public service motivation on job satisfaction and perceived job performance: Focusing on the mediating effect of member-organization fit", Journal of Digital Convergence, 15(9), pp.81~94 (2017)
  44. Lee, Min-Ah, "A prediction model for influencing factors of public servant turnover intention using decision tree analysis", master, pp.2020
  45. Lee, Se-Yeon, "A study on UX elements of a fashion shopping app that reflects the multi-persona characteristics of the MZ generation", Journal of the Korean Convergence Society, 12(8), pp.123~129 (2021)
  46. Locke, E. A., "An experimental case study of the successes and failures of job enrichment in a government agency", Journal of Applied Psychology, 61(6), pp.701~714 (1976)
  47. Mobley, W. H., "Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process", Psychological bulletin, 86(3), pp.491~506 (1979)
  48. Motowidlo, S. J., "Predicting sales turnover from pay satisfaction and expectation", Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(3), pp.481~496 (1983)
  49. Naff, K. C., "Working for America : Does public service motivation make a difference?", Review of Public Personnel Administration, 19(4), pp.5~16 (1999)
  50. Nam, Soon-Hyun, "Major commitment and occupational value : Focusing on differences by gender, region, and field", Educational Psychology Research, 19(1), pp.223~242 (2005)
  51. Noh, Jong-Ho, "The impact of job-related factors on public servants' turnover intention and the moderating effect of job-related communication", National Policy Research, 32(1), pp.107~137 (2018)
  52. Oh, Hyeon-Gyu, "Perception of new organizational members of the MZ generation in public service : Focusing on the subjective perception of team leader-level civil servants", Subjectivity Studies, 63, pp.27~49 (2023)
  53. Oh, Se-Young, "Self-portrait of central government officials : A comparative study on factors influencing organizational commitment across generations", Korean Journal of Personnel Management, 13(1), pp.31~62 (2014)
  54. 박형규, "고등학교 학생들의 Holland의 직업적 성격과 직업가치관과의 관계 분석", 석사, 상담심리, pp.2000
  55. Park, Hyun-Sook, "Formation of morality and work values a c cording to college students' participation in optional volunteer activities", Doctor, pp.2014
  56. Park, I-Re, "A study on the impact of public service motivation on turnover intention and job enthusiasm : The moderating effect of the job demands-resources model", Korean Society and Administrative Research, 32(3), pp.59~93 (2021)
  57. Park, Jae-Hong, "Theoretical and methodological issues in generational research", Korean Demography, 24(2), pp.47~78 (2001)
  58. Park, Jeong-In, "The impact of public service motivation on innovative behavior : Focusing on the moderating effect of organizational culture", Local Government Studies, 26(4), pp.341~359 (2023)
  59. Park, Ji-Sung, "Understanding the MZ generation through consilience with biology and exploring ways to manage the MZ generation workforce", Human Resources and Organization Research, 30(3), pp.53~78 (2022)
  60. Park, Jong-Cheol, "The effects of empowering leadership on hotel employees' proactive behavior and service quality according to their occupational identity", Hotel and Tourism Research, 18(4), pp.126~148 (2016)
  61. Park, Joo-Sang, "A study on the double mediating effect of social support and job satisfaction in the relationship between emotional labor and turnover intention of Coast Guard officers", Journal of Korean Public Security Administration, 21(1), pp.99~116 (2024)
  62. The impact of public service motivation on the attitudes and performance of organizational members : Focusing on the moderating effect of self-determination factors, "Park, Joo-Won", Korean Society of Public Administration Academic, ~ (2016)
  63. Park, Mi-Kyung, "Analysis of needs and priorities for low birth rate response policies : Focusing on the perception of the MZ generation", Korean Policy Studies, 22(1), pp.33~54 (2022)
  64. Park, S. M., "Leadership and public service motivation in US federal agencies", International Public Management Journal, 11(1), pp.109~142 (2008)
  65. Park, Seo-Yeon, "The impact of public servants' job motivation on turnover intention", Korean Journal of Personnel Management, 22(1), pp.153~189 (2023)
  66. Park, Soo-kyung, "The impact of public service motivation (PSM) on turnover intention: Focusing on the moderating effect of servant leadership", Journal of Korean Public Administration, 35(3), pp.229~254 (2023)
  67. Pennings, J. M., "Work-value Systems of White-collar Workers", Administrative Science Quarterly, 15(4), pp.397~405 (1970)
  68. Perry, J. L., "The motivational bases of public service", Public Administration Review, 50(3), pp.367~373 (1990)
  69. Perry, J. L., "Revisiting the motivational bases of public service : Twenty years of research and an agenda for the future", Public Administration Review, 70(5), pp.681~690 (2010)
  70. Pilcher, J., "Mannheim's sociology of generations: an undervalued legacy", British Journal of Sociology, 28(4), pp.481~495 (1994)
  71. "Public Pension Statistics for 2022" (2022)[URL]
  72. Schaie, K. W., "A general model for the study of developmental problems", Psychological Bulletin, 64(2), pp.91~110 (1965)
  73. Seo, A-Rim, "The effects of job crafting and task stagnation on work meaningfulness : The moderated mediating effect of perceived organizational support", Journal of the Korean Psychological Association : Industry and Organization, 31(1), pp.149~173 (2018)
  74. Seo, Jin-Woo, "Determinants of MZ generation public servants’ intention to change jobs and the moderating effect of welfare", Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 21, 13(6), pp.2783~2796 (2022)
  75. Seo, Jun-Won, "Analysis of factors affecting public servant turnover intention: Targeting civil servants of central administrative agencies and local governments in Korea", master, pp.2020
  76. Shin, Seong-Won, "A study on the effect of police officers' job stress on job satisfaction and turnover intention", Journal of Korean Public Security Administration, 7(2), pp.137~155 (2010)
  77. Son, Jeong-Hee, "A study on the reactions of each generation to the unique communication characteristics of the MZ generation - focusing on the MZ generation, Generation X, and baby boomers", Journal of Communication Design, 77, pp.202~215 (2021)
  78. Steijn, B., "Person-Environment Fit and Public Service Motivation", International Public Management Journal, 11(1), pp.13~27 (2008)
  79. Taylor, J., "Organizational influences, public service motivation and work outcomes : An Australian study", International Public Management Journal, 11(1), pp.67~88 (2008)
  80. Wasmuth, W. J., "Managing employee turnover", Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 23(4), pp.15~22 (1983)
  81. Williams, L. J., "Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors", Journal of management, 17(3), pp.601~617 (1991)
  82. Ye, Park-Nam, "The impact of the fit between the Chinese youth generation's occupational values and organizational occupational values o n turnover intention: Response surface analysis using multinomial regression analysis", Human Resource Development Research, 26(4), pp.187~216 (2023)
  83. 여용재, "내부마케팅이 직무만족, 조직몰입 및 고객지향성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 정부출연연구기관을 중심으로", 박사, 경영학, pp.2008
  84. Yoo, Sang-Yeop, "Analysis of factors influencing turnover intention of public officials : targeting those appointed to open positions", Korean Journal of Personnel Management, 16(4), pp.1~26 (2017)
  85. Yoon, Hye-Jin, "The relationship between leisure perception, activity, and happiness by generation", Tourism and Leisure Research, 28(12), pp.353~370 (2016)

관련 논문AI추천

내재적 동기와 외재적 동기가 이직 의도에 미치는 영향: 공직 가치와 세대의 조절 효과를 중심으로이규민한국공공관리학회 · 한국공공관리학보2024 · 제38권 제3호공직 태도와 이직의도: 다중집단분석을 활용한 기성세대, M세대, Z세대 비교박미경, 이홍재한국행정연구원 · 한국행정연구2024 · 제33권 제2호MZ 세대 공무원의 직무자율성이 이직의도에 미치는 영향:직무만족과 혁신행동의 이중매개효과와 공공봉사동기의 조절된 매개효과고현종, 송방현, 이효진한국조직학회 · 한국조직학회보2025 · 제22권 제1호MZ세대 공무원의 이직 의향 결정요인 및 후생복지의 조절효과강종수, 서진우인문사회 21 · 인문사회 212022 · 제13권 제6호MZ세대 공무원의 조직몰입과 이직의도 영향분석: 전국 17개 광역자치단체 소속 20~30대 공무원을 중심으로황성호한국공공관리학회 · 한국공공관리학보2023 · 제37권 제1호공무원 이직의도의 영향요인과 대응방안에 관한 연구:X 세대와 MZ 세대 간 비교분석을 중심으로구자군, 이정욱한국조직학회 · 한국조직학회보2024 · 제21권 제3호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (13건)

A Study on Chinese Common Prosperity Policy Discourse : 2-mode Network Analysis and Core-periphery Analysis Approach박상도, Binbin Yangpp. 1-16Development of a Low Birth Rate Prediction Model Using Time-series and Machine Learning장민혁pp. 17-40The Impact of Short Video App Addiction on Loneliness among Chinese College Students in the Age of AI and MulticulturalismMingru Li, Ming Li, Siyi Wang, Yang Zhao, Yuan Feng, Seong Moon Cheon, Huimin Weipp. 41-56Analyzing the Factors Influencing Democracy-oriented Innovation in the Local Governments of Korea김대욱pp. 57-72중국 유학생 귀국 의사에 미치는 영향 요인 분석Haoruo Peng, 김주경pp. 73-94
원문 보기