본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

A Study on Overcoming the Crisis of Regional Depopulation through the Rehabilitation of Hikikomori : Focusing on System Dynamics

김주연|이서현|정소명|이규태|이상엽|손소희
한국비교정부학회 (The Korean Association For Comparative Government)|2024.09|한국비교정부학보 (Korean Comparative Government Review)|제28권 제3호|pp. 265-294|DOI 10.18397/kcgr.2024.28.3.265

0

조회

0

다운로드

3

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

은둔형 외톨이지방정부Local Government지방소멸지방대학System Dynamics시스템 다이내믹스Local ExtinctionPopulation Change인구변화디지털 전환 기술Digital Transformation TechnologyLocal Extinction CrisisLocal UniversitiesHikiklmori지방소멸 위기시스템다이나믹스
주제분류행정학

초록

(Purpose) The purpose of this study is to explore strategies to overcome the crisis of regional depopulation through the social reintegration of socially withdrawn individuals (Hikikomori), focusing on how rehabilitation programs can contribute to economic revival and prevent population decline. (Design/methodology/approach) This research applied a system dynamics model to analyze the impact of Hikikomori rehabilitation on regional economies. Using Vensim software, the study constructed a Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) to simulate the relationship between social reintegration programs, economic growth, and population retention over a 25-year period (2025-2050). Various policy scenarios were modeled to assess the long-term effects of rehabilitation programs on regional sustainability. (Findings) The findings suggest that successful Hikikomori rehabilitation programs significantly contribute to regional economic revitalization by increasing labor participation and reducing population outflow. However, the effectiveness of these programs relies heavily on long-term policy support, as short-term interventions show limited results. A strong positive feedback loop was identified in areas where rehabilitation programs were fully supported. (Research implications or Originality) This study emphasizes the importance of long-term, multi-dimensional policies for Hikikomori rehabilitation, integrating psychological support, job training, and social reintegration. It offers a quantitative model linking individual welfare programs to regional economic outcomes, providing valuable insights for policymakers.

Abstract

(Purpose) The purpose of this study is to explore strategies to overcome the crisis of regional depopulation through the social reintegration of socially withdrawn individuals (Hikikomori), focusing on how rehabilitation programs can contribute to economic revival and prevent population decline. (Design/methodology/approach) This research applied a system dynamics model to analyze the impact of Hikikomori rehabilitation on regional economies. Using Vensim software, the study constructed a Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) to simulate the relationship between social reintegration programs, economic growth, and population retention over a 25-year period (2025-2050). Various policy scenarios were modeled to assess the long-term effects of rehabilitation programs on regional sustainability. (Findings) The findings suggest that successful Hikikomori rehabilitation programs significantly contribute to regional economic revitalization by increasing labor participation and reducing population outflow. However, the effectiveness of these programs relies heavily on long-term policy support, as short-term interventions show limited results. A strong positive feedback loop was identified in areas where rehabilitation programs were fully supported. (Research implications or Originality) This study emphasizes the importance of long-term, multi-dimensional policies for Hikikomori rehabilitation, integrating psychological support, job training, and social reintegration. It offers a quantitative model linking individual welfare programs to regional economic outcomes, providing valuable insights for policymakers.

참고문헌 (111)

  1. Park, Jeehwan, "The Development and Significance of Machizukuri in an Urban Lower-Class District, Japan: A Formation of Participatory-Democratic Civic Space", Review of International and Area Studies, 24(3), pp.131~158 (2004)
  2. 김신아, "A Research on the Psychological Conflicts and Spiritual Experiences of the Parents of Adolescents in Hikikomori", Journal of Counseling and Gospel, 29(1), pp.47~74 (2021)
  3. Baek, Hyung-Tae, "Development of Parental Screening Questionnaire for Hidden Youth", Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 22(4), pp.262~270 (2011)
  4. Cho, Young-Mi, "The Analysis on the Shaping Process of Counselors' Approach toward Secluded Internet-addicted Youths", Korea Journal of Counseling, 12(4), pp.1069~1089 (2011)
  5. Cho, Young-Mi, "The Analysis on the Shaping Process of Counselors` Approach toward Secluded Internet-addicted Youths", Korea Journal of Counseling, 12(4), pp.1069~1089 (2011)
  6. "A Shock Report on Hidden Loner ④ Expert Diagnosis and Social Prescription (Webpage)" (2008)[URL]
  7. Choi, Sang-Chin, "The Internal Structure of the Korean Social Face Chemyon", Korean Journal of Personality Psychology, 14(1), pp.185~202 (2000)
  8. Han, Sung-Yeol, "A cultural psychological suggestion for the educational circumstances of Korea", Korean Psychological Journal of Culture and Social Issues, 14, pp.33~46 (2008)
  9. 홍현표, "은둔형 외톨이 치유를 위한 개인적 단위공간 계획에 관한 연구", 석사, 실내건축디자인, pp.2008
  10. Hwang, Chun-Hwa, "The Effects of the Empathy Ability of the Life-manager on the Depression of Elderly Living Alone : Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Self-esteem", Health & Welfare, 20(2), pp.133~156 (2018)
  11. "Arrested for illegally receiving a pension for leavin g father's body unattended, "Hikomori" is a complicated heart of 58-year-old son" (2020)[URL]
  12. Isobe, Ushio, "Hikikomori went to Starbucks" (2009), Daesupbaram
  13. 장경언, "원적외선 건조온도 및 조사시간에 따른 벼의 동할 특성", 석사, 기계공학, pp.2003
  14. "2020 White Paper on Children and Youth" (2021)[URL]
  15. Jeong, Seok-jong, "A Study on Social Change in the Late Joseon Dynasty" (1996), Illjogak
  16. Jeung Gyu, "Development and Application of Measures for Success Value of Koreans", doctor, pp.2020
  17. Japan's Regional Activation Policy and Case Study, "Ji, Kyung-Bae", Research Institute for Gangwon, ~ (2010)
  18. Jun, Geun-Ha, "A Comparative Study on the Hermit Life of Hikkomori in South Korea and Japan", Korean Comparative Government Review, 26(2), pp.121~142 (2022)
  19. Jun, Geun-Ha, "The Difficulty of Identifying the Status of Hikikomori and Its Solutions in Korean Society", Korean Comparative Government Review, 26(4), pp.137~158 (2022)
  20. Jung, Geun-Ha, "A Study on the Background of the Emergence of Hikikomori in Korean Society", Korean Comparative Government Review, 26(1), pp.229~250 (2022)
  21. Jung, Geun-Ha, "Research on Measures to prevent Local Extinction through Expansion of Activities of Hikikomori Overcomers", Korean Comparative Government Review, 25(2), pp.141~165 (2021)
  22. 정인숙, "한국문화와 한국인의 관계적 특성으로 인한 부모-자녀 동반의존증에 대한 목회상담적 치유 방안 연구", 박사, 목회상담학, pp.2008
  23. Jung. Geun-Ha, "Study on Extended Phenomena of Rising Generation with No Professional Experience in Korea(1): Investigated Sociocultural Awareness of Korea", Journal of Japanese Culture, 60, pp.359~385 (2014)
  24. Jung. Geun-Ha, "A Comparative Research on Youths Fleeing Korea and Japan", Culture & Society, 22, pp.7~58 (2016)
  25. Kang. Chang-Dong, "A Sociological Study on Educational Aspiration in Korea", Journal of Research in Education, 8, pp.209~227 (1996)
  26. Kang. Gil-Hwan, "Success and Culture", The Local Community, 10, pp.62~63 (1991)
  27. "Surrogate tests, cheat, judge buy… a feast of noblemen who showed the height of depravity" (2003)[URL]
  28. "Hell Chosun's Soil Spoon N’s-give up generation, a newly coined word that contains self-portrait of youth unemployment" (2015)[URL]
  29. Kim, Chul-Young, "A study on the effects of Urban Regeneration Project by private sector on their neighboring areas: A case study on the neighboring districts of Tokyo MIDTOWN, Japan", Journal of Korea Planning Association, 49(4), pp.221~231 (2014)
  30. Kim, Da-Hye, "A Study on the Psychological Phenomenon of The Non- disabled Siblings With Intellectually Disabled Brother", Korean Journal of Counseling, 17(5), pp.357~375 (2016)
  31. Kim, Dong-Ki, "A study on the conceptualization of social exclusion of disabled people", Journal of Disability and Welfare, 17, pp.129~147 (2012)
  32. Kim, Hyo-Soon, "The Impacts of Adolescent's Oiettolie Propensity on Game Addiction Behavior : Focusing on Moderating Effects of Family Stress", Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information, 19(8), pp.177~185 (2014)
  33. Kim, Hyo-Soon, "The Impacts of Adolescent's Oiettolie Propensity on Game Addiction Behavior : Focusing on Moderating Effects of Family Stress", Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information, 19(8), pp.177~185 (2014)
  34. Kim, Hyo-Soon, "A Study on the Moderating Effects of Social Support for Oiettolie Propensity Adolescent in the Process of Internet Game Addiction", Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information, 21(10), pp.149~156 (2016)
  35. Kim, Jong-jin, "A Loner Hidden in a Snail's Shell" (2006), Happy I
  36. Kim, Jung-Hee, "Influencing Factor on the Attitudes toward Elders among Nurses Working at Geriatric Hospitals: Focusing on Empathy", Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 13(12), pp.840~850 (2013)
  37. Risk checks and policy implications of population decline and 'fat extinction'”, Bank of Korea Daejeon Chungnam Headquarters, "Kim, Kyung-geun", Bank of Korea Daejeon Chungnam Headquarters, ~ (2017)
  38. Kim, Mi-Kyung, "An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis on the Parents’ Child-rearing Experience with a Reclusive Loner Child", doctor, pp.2020
  39. "Your child is not the only one hiding" (2021)[URL]
  40. Kim, Shin-a, "Study on the Psychological Conflict and Spiritual Experience of Parents with Adolescents in Hikikomori", doctor, pp.2019
  41. 김선민, "알코올리즘으로부터 회복중인 상담가의 체험 연구 : 현상학적 연구", 박사, 사회복지학, pp.2007
  42. Kim, Ui-Chol, "Educational achievement in Korean society(Ⅱ)", Korean Psychological Journal of Culture and Social Issues, 14(1), pp.63~109 (2008)
  43. "The metropolitan area Without a solution…The government "supports one trillion won a year to 89 threatened areas" (2021)[URL]
  44. 김예슬, "인지-행동 집단미술치료를 통한 '은둔형 외톨이'의 사회참여에 관한 연구", 석사, 미술치료, pp.2008
  45. Kim, Yoo-sook, "Hikikomori" (2009), Innerbooks
  46. Knapp, M. L., "Interpersonal Communication and Human Relationships" (2014), Allyn & Bacon
  47. Koo, Ja-Gyoung, "Therapy empathy: from a clinical point of view", Korea Association of Biblotherapy (6th Annual) Conference, pp.35~53 (2008)
  48. Korea Youth Counseling & Welfare Institute, "Hikikomori-Related Social Adaptive Youth Support Plan", International Symposium Collection (2005), KYCI
  49. Eundunhyeong Bujeogeung Cheongsonyeon Sangdam Gaideubuk, "Korea Youth Counseling & Welfare Institute", NIA, ~ (2006)
  50. Korean Sociological Association, "Social Change for 60 Years in Korea" (2009), Ingansarang
  51. Korean Youth Counseling and Welfare Institute, "Consultation Guidebook for Reclusive Maladaptive Youth" (2005), Korean Youth Counseling
  52. 小菅由子, "은둔형 외톨이 사례연구 : 한국과 일본사례를 중심으로", 석사, 사회복지학과, pp.2012
  53. "Hey, why are you hiding? The silence of the son brought down the mother" (2020)[URL]
  54. Lee, Do-hyung, "College students’ experience of parental expectation who perceive not living up to parental expectation: Consensual Qualitative Research", Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 30(3), pp.821~853 (2018)
  55. Lee, Dong-Won, "Expanding the Strategy of Historical Empathy through Writing in Social Studies", Social Studies Education, 31, pp.159~190 (1998)
  56. Lee, Hong-kyun, "The Social Form of Conspicuousness and Recognition among Koreans", Discourse 201, 9(2), pp.207~244 (2006)
  57. 이향남, "은둔형 외톨이 청소년을 위한 생태체계적 통합 지원 모형 개발에 관한 연구", 박사, 사회복지학, pp.2008
  58. Lee, Hyung-chul, "A comparative study on a thoughtless socie-A real state in Korean society compared with Japanese cases", Journal of Japanese Culture, 67, pp.323~346 (2016)
  59. Lee, Jae-Young, "Grounded Theory Research on the Process of Reclusive Lone", doctor, pp.2023
  60. Lee, Ji-min, "A Phenomenological Study on the Reclusion Experience of Adolescents with Reclusive Loner Experience", Korean Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 16(2), pp.61~91 (2021)
  61. Lee, Ji-min, "A Phenomenological Study on the Reclusion Experience of Adolescents with Reclusive Loner Experience", Korean Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 16(2), pp.61~91 (2021)
  62. Lee, Ji-Min, "A Phenomenological Study on the Hermitage Experiences in the reclusive Youth", Master, pp.2019
  63. Lee, Jung-Mi, "A qualitative study on client`s experiences of Empathy in the counseling process", Korea Journal of Counseling, 14(4), pp.2027~2048 (2013)
  64. Lee, Kohn-Man, "A study of “Hakbeolism” and class conflict in Korea society: Toward a theorization of “Hakbeol” capital", Korean Journal of Sociology of Education, 17(4), pp.63~85 (2007)
  65. Lee, Kyu-Mee, "The Psychosocial Characteristics of Oiettolie Adolescents", The Korean Journal Of Counseling And Psychotherapy, 13(1), pp.147~162 (2001)
  66. Lee, Kyung-Sun, "Hikikomori of adolescents and the secondary separation customization", Yonsei Journal Of Counseling And Coaching, 4, pp.150~127 (2015)
  67. 이상희, "은둔형 외톨이 개념의 사회적 구성과 효과", 석사, 사회학, pp.2010
  68. Seven Analysis of Local Extinction in Korea: Local Employment Trends Brief: Local Employment Trends Brief, "Lee, Sang-Ho", Korea Employment Information Service, ~ (2016)
  69. Lee, Sang-Ho, "Korea's Local Extinction 2018", Local employment trends briefs, ~ (2018)
  70. Lee, Sang-Yup, "A Study on the Machine Learning-Based Time Series Analysis and the Role of Local Universities on the Low Birth Problem in the Response to the Crisis of Local Extinction", Social Economics and Policy Studies, 14(2), pp.1~27 (2024)
  71. Psychosocial characteristics and maladjustment of lone adolescents, "Lee, Si-hyung", Social Mental Health Research Institute of the Samsung Life Foundation, ~ (2000)
  72. Psychosocial Characteristics and Maladjustment of Lonely Adolescents, "Lee, Si-hyung", Samsung Medical Center Research, ~ (2000)
  73. "80% of people in their 20s and 30s said, "It's not 5’s give up but 7’s give up" (2015)[URL]
  74. Lee, Su-Jeong, "The Effect of Job Stress, Empathy and Social Support of Care Helpers on Compassion Fatigue", Journal of the Korean Society for Wellness, 13(3), pp.363~375 (2018)
  75. "This year's national civil service level 9 public recruitment competition rate is 35 to 1...The lowest ever" (2021)[URL]
  76. "Youth driven into solitary confinement In front of a cliff called loneliness" (2015)[URL]
  77. Lee, Young-Mi, "Mothers’ Perceived Experiences of Overcoming Conflicts between Parent and Adolescent Child caused by Parental Expectations", Korean Journal of Counseling, 14(2), pp.1401~1422 (2013)
  78. Lim, Hae-Young, "A Study on Experiences of Caring for Children with Autistic Disorder: Focused on Experiences of Parents of the Adult Children-", Korean Journal of Social Welfare, 67(3), pp.227~252 (2015)
  79. Lyo, In-Joong, "Hikikomori" (2005), Jihyemunhak
  80. Matusda, Hiroya, "Local Extinctions" (2015), Wiseberry
  81. Max Weber., "The Methodology of Social Sciences" (1949), The Free Press
  82. "History of the concept of Hikikomori (1) Mr. Hiroshi Inamura and Mr. Ring Saito" (2015)[URL]
  83. Mestre, M. V., "Are women more empathetic than men? : A longitudinal study in adolescence", The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 12(1), pp.76~83 (2009)
  84. Moon, Jung-Hwa, "A Case Study on Family Therapy And Problem-Solving of Hikikomori Dropout Adolescents Who Refuse Counseling", Korean Journal of Family Social Work, 67(3), pp.73~99 (2020)
  85. Moon, Tae-hoon, "Sustainable City by System Thinking" (2007), Jipmundang
  86. A Study on the Development of Internet Addiction Home Visit Counseling Program, "National Information Society Agency", NIA, ~ (2009)
  87. Nemoto, Masatsugu, "Mutual Cooperation of Social Economic Organization and Local Government toward Regional Resource Application: Focused on Renovating Vacant Old Houses in Kamiyama Town, Japan", Journal of the Korean Cadastre Information Association, 15(1), pp.51~64 (2013)
  88. 노여진, "일본의 히키코모리(ひきこもり)와 한국의 은둔형 외톨이의 비교 고찰 : 발생원인과 대책을 중심으로", 석사, 일본어교육, pp.2007
  89. Nouwen, H., "The Wounded Healer" (1999), Duranno
  90. Ogburn, William, "Social Change: With Respect to Culture and Original Nature" (1950), B. W. Heubsch
  91. Oh, Ook-whan, "Getting-ahead through education as an obsessive dream to Korean Americans", Korean Journal of Educational Research, 49(4), pp.1~23 (2011)
  92. Oh, Sang-Bin, "Development and effect of home-visiting counseling program for hikikomori", doctor, pp.2019
  93. "The nation's first regimental organization supported by a reclusive Hikikomori" (2020)[URL]
  94. Oh, Yoon-Sun, "A Study on the Christian Counseling for Adolescents in Hikikomori", Journal of Counseling and Gospel, 15, pp.201~219 (2010)
  95. Oh, Yoon-Sun, "A Study on the Christian Counseling for Adolescents in Hikikomori", The Gospel and Counseling, 15, pp.201~219 (2010)
  96. Park, A-Young., "Chimaynoinul Tolponun Yoyangpohosauy Chimayey Tayhan Cisik, Thaytowa Kongkamnungnyek", Korean Society of Nursing Science Annual Conference, pp.351~351 (2016)
  97. 박현숙, "사회적 히끼꼬모리에 관한 일 연구 : Bowen의 이론을 통해 본 히끼꼬모리 사례 연구", 석사, 가족상담, pp.2004
  98. Park, Sung-hee., "Gonggam, Gonggamjeok Ihae" (2004), Wonmisa
  99. "If it's hard to have a job for life, have a job for life" (2006)[URL]
  100. Park, Young-Shin, "How Korean children and adolescents perceive their parents: Indigenous psychological analysis", Korean Psychological Journal of Culture and Social Issues, 9(2), pp.127~164 (2003)
  101. Park, Young-Shin, "Perception of structure and development of filial piety among children: With specific focus on the influence of parental emotional support and parent-child relational efficacy on filial piety and happiness", The Korean Journal of Educational Psychology, 28(3), pp.421~454 (2014)
  102. Seo, Nam-Sook, "The Influence of Attitude, Experience and Empathy on the Nursing Care of the Elderly Who Have No Caregiver", The Korean Journal of Health Service Managemen, 10(2), pp.179~191 (2016)
  103. So, Soon-chang, "A Study on Regional Development Policy between S. Korea and Japan", Journal of local government studies, 27(4), pp.209~242 (2015)
  104. 손은수, "청소년 은둔형 외톨이에 관한 연구 : 교회공동체를 중심으로", 석사, 청소년지도복지, pp.2006
  105. Stone, D., "Wounded healing: Exploring the circle of compassion in the helping relationship", Humanistic Psychologist, 36(1), pp.45~51 (2008)
  106. Suh, Sun-Hee, "The Characteristics of the Korean Concepts of Filial Piety", Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, 18(3), pp.142~154 (1998)
  107. Yang, Hyun-Joo, "Factors influencing empathy for the elderly in nursing students", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 17(5), pp.86~94 (2016)
  108. Yang, Mijin, "The Development of the Korean Youth Social Withdrawal Scale", Asian Journal of Education, 8(2), pp.119~134 (2007)
  109. Yeo, In-jung, "Hikikomori" (2005), Ji Hyemunhak
  110. Yoo, Jeong-Ho, "A Study on the Implementation of Sharing Economy in the Korean Public Sector: Focusing on the `Cross-Generational Empathy under One Roof` Program", Korea Public Administration Journal, 2016(1), pp.655~690 (2016)
  111. Yoon, Yeo-Jun, "The meaning of the Korean Wave as Soft Power", CERI Entertainment Review, 7, pp.187~188 (2007)

관련 논문AI추천

은둔형 외톨이 극복자들의 활동 확대를 통한 지방소멸 방지 방안 연구노영희, 이상엽, 정근하한국비교정부학회 · 한국비교정부학보2021 · 제25권 제2호Enhancing the Effectiveness of Policies to Overcome the Crisis of Provincial Universities: Focusing on the Application of System Dynamics on Factors Affecting the Competitiveness of Provincial Universities이상엽한국비교정부학회 · 한국비교정부학보2023 · 제27권 제3호Development of a Mental Health Support Model for Socially Isolated and Reclusive Youth: A Comparison with Japan and the United States박상민, 이송희, 임지영, 한상범(사)위기관리이론과실천 · Journal of Safety and Crisis Management2025 · 제15권 제11호일본의 소멸지역과 성장지역에서 나타나는 지방소멸 사회적 특성 분석김종법, 양병모지방분권발전연구소 · 지역과 정치2024 · 제7권 제2호Factors for Sustainable Regional Revitalization: Analysis of Cases of Regional Revitalization in Japan최지원인문사회과학연구소 · 인문사회과학연구2024 · 제67권 제1호은둔형 외톨이 지원에 대한 지방자치단체의 기본계획 비교분석장여반, 천문권, 허만세한국사회복지상담학회 · 사회복지상담연구2024 · 제8권 제2호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (13건)

A Study on Chinese Common Prosperity Policy Discourse : 2-mode Network Analysis and Core-periphery Analysis Approach박상도, Binbin Yangpp. 1-16Development of a Low Birth Rate Prediction Model Using Time-series and Machine Learning장민혁pp. 17-40The Impact of Short Video App Addiction on Loneliness among Chinese College Students in the Age of AI and MulticulturalismMingru Li, Ming Li, Siyi Wang, Yang Zhao, Yuan Feng, Seong Moon Cheon, Huimin Weipp. 41-56Analyzing the Factors Influencing Democracy-oriented Innovation in the Local Governments of Korea김대욱pp. 57-72중국 유학생 귀국 의사에 미치는 영향 요인 분석Haoruo Peng, 김주경pp. 73-94
원문 보기