연기법송, 아리야 운율, 그리고 빨리 율장대품
Pratītyasamutpādagāthā, Āryā Metre, and Mahāvagga of Pali Vinaya
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ye dhamma formular로 알려진 연기법송(pratītyasamutpādagāthā)은 빨리 3장에서 일반적으로 나타나지 않는 아리야(āryā) 운율을 체용하고 있다. 불교학의 초창기에 빨리 율장대품에 나타난 아리야(āryā) 게송들은 빨리 율장의 연대를 아쇼까왕 이전으로 비정하는데 있어서 중요한 근거로 사용되었다. 하지만 이 문제는 아리야 운율의 존재여부 만으로 쉽게 결정할 수 있는 문제가 아니다. 사실상 이 문제는 아리야 운율이 채용된 연기법송이 나타나는 사리뿟따와 목갈라나의 불교전향 에피소드의 맥락을 전체적으로 검토하는 과정을 통해서 접근할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 이 논문은 율장과 불전문학작품을 중심으로 연기법송(pratītyasamutpādagāthā)이 점차적으로 중요한 위치를 차지하는 과정을 살펴보면서 빨리 율장대품의 한 측면을 파악하도록 한다.
Abstract
Pratītyasamutpādagāthā which is known in the Southern Buddhist world as ye dhamma formular is one of the best known stanzas in the Buddhist world. It in fact is using āryā metre which has been known not as Sanskrit metre but as Prakrit metre. The use of āryā metre in the Mahāvagga in the Pali Vinaya led early Western Buddhist scholars to determine the date of the Pali Canon before the time of Great King Ashoka. However, it is not easy at all to confirm such important date only according to the use of āryā metre. In this paper I am investigating the status of pratītyasamutpādagāthā within Buddhist literary tradition centered about various Vinaya literatures as well as diverse Life stories of the Buddha. With this research we can come close to one of the key features of the Pali Vinaya.
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