漢字文化圈의 再形成과 韓國의 漢字·漢文敎育의 現況

Abstract

In East-Asia, before modern times, writings in several country were written in Han Character. At that time, because the world of East-Asia belonged to Han Character and Classics cultural sphere, for the political, diplomatic and cultural communication naturally they needed Han Character writing. However, after the late 19th century, a great change happened that these traditional writing and recognition system faltered from the foundation. With the innovative changeover of writing system, structural problem of writing style occurred. It shed the order of East-Asian language and writing which used Han Character in common, modern national language was born. Movement of modern national language was not launched unexpectedly on the linguistic side. Modern change and innovation has been a concrete social phenomenon so that it emerged linguistic expression. Modern change and innovation of East-Asian entering upon 20 century were the replacement of academic culture and knowledge system different from the past civilization and regime. For that, East-Asia which had interchanged in a culture sphere before was disorganized by force. It is what changed the linguistic order, which is usage of Han Character that keep East-Asia for a long time modernistic. Each countries came to persue the sentence system and orthography coinciding with their spoken English from linguistic system which had written sentences in Han Character. Thereupon, the circumstance of East-Asian empire has changed largely and got to where we are today. They were boycott of Han Character and Classics culture. Boycott of Han Character and Classics culture was the course that each countries had to experience in the modern age of innovation and connected to dissolution of Han Character culture sphere. But, in other side, it was the consequence that obsession of East-Asia overwhelmed by Occidental civilization had operated in those days. However, in this period East-Asia produce 'Han Character vocabulary' for new language of modern civilization in large scale. It happened on the course of translating Western knowledge and learning system into East-Asian language at that time. East-Asian countries tried to translate knowledge and information about Occidental civilization into national language they newly supported. What is the interest thing on this process is that they translated Western language into Han Character vocabulary originated from Han Character and Classics they tried to boycott. That is, it is that syntactic rules confirmed to national spoken language and the vocabulary which compose contents of sentences replaced it with 'Modern Chinse Character Vocabulary'. This means that accepting the West and developing the national language movement about language they doesn't replace new Western knowledge with Western language or native tongue but did it with Chinse Character and Classics' coinage. However each country of East-Asia except China in 20th century carried out policies that broke with even Han Character Vocabulary. In this situation, Han Character education of Korean in elementary school was excluded in 2007 and 2009 revised education curriculum, also, Han Character education of middle and high school was minimuzed much better than before . So, Han Character vocabulary culture sphere of East-Asia is in pinch. Therefore, it needs the research activities of many Asian countries and international bonds.