수덕사 塑造 여래좌상 腹藏 典籍類 고찰

Abstract

This paper presents an investigation into the relics and votive objects(腹藏物) found in the seated clay Buddha(塑造坐佛) at the Sudeok Buddhist Temple(修德寺). Made in early Joseon, this seated clay Buddha contained many Buddhist sutras published during Goryeo and dharani(陀羅尼) from early Joseon. The investigator discussed the followings by looking into the Buddhist sutras and dharani found among the relics and votive objects at the temple: Of the versions found among the relics and votive objects, “Daebang gwangbul- hwaeomgyeongso(大方廣佛華嚴經疏)”(Volumes 79～81 and 91～93) was part of the Gyojang(敎藏) made and published by Yi-Tian(義天) in the Song Dynasty(宋). Volumes 79 and 80 are the only ones found in South Korea. Still, “Daebang gwangbul-hwaeomgyeongso” is a Korean block book rather than one transmitted from Song and demonstrates that the Gyojang version of "Daebang gwangbul-hwaeomgyeongso" engraved in Korea existed from late Goryeo to early Joseon. The study also mentioned that “Lotus Sutra(妙法蓮華經)” was published during Goryeo based on the examples of Pi Hui(避諱, Naming Taboo) and the cover painting format in the postface(跋文) written in 1390 at the end of Choi-ui's(崔怡) postface version of “Lotus Sutra” in 1240. It was estimated that these scriptures were placed in “A Buddha Statute of 1390” as part of its relics and votive objects along with Sung-min's(成敏) postface version of “Lotus Sutra” published in 1286, Lee Seak’s(李穡) postface version of “Lotus Sutra” published in 1382, and “Saahammochohe(四阿含暮抄解)” of Jaejodaejanggyeong(再雕大藏經) and “Jabidoryang-chambeop(慈悲道場懺法)”. The Daejaam(大慈庵) version of “Lotus Sutra” published in 1422 and discovered in the relics and votive objects must have been put in “A Buddha Statute of 1390” when it was repaired or covered in gold or “Another Buddha Statute of 1489” along with the dharani published in 1489. “A Buddha Statute of 1489” was enshrined at “a Buddhist temple” in Myuncheng(沔川) north of Duksan province(德山縣) along with the relics and votive objects. Still, it was estimated that the seated clay Buddha of Sudeok Buddhist Temple was made in early Joseon(15th century). The relics and votive objects of “A Buddha Statute of 1390” and “Another Buddha Statute of 1489” must have been recovered and put in the current seated clay Buddha of Sudeok Buddhist Temple.