원광의 思想과 그 眞影 복원을 위한 一考

Abstract

The Buddhist monk's portrait symbolizes the spirit passed to the teacher and disciple. And the portrait comprises the monk′s spirit and thoughts and is a picture-recorded movement. Its symbolism is like the scriptures. So, the monk's portrait was revered with the painting of the Buddha. The portrait of a monk is the oldest and most often painted after the introduction of Buddhism. The portraits of the late Chosŏn dynasty were painted by a monk painter 畵僧, which was a period when Buddhism was suppressed and Confucianism was encouraged. So, the monk's portrait was stylized by repeating many sketches once drawn like a Buddha painting. This paper is a theoretical consideration for the purpose of drawing a portrait of Wonkwang, who led the unification of the Three Kingdoms by guiding people with unconventional precepts in the age of confusion filled with confrontation and conflict in the 6th-7th century. After studying Buddhism in China, Wonkwang was a pioneer who led the spirit of the times by providing prophecy to the people of Bodhisattvaśīla that anyone can practice. However, the portrait of Wonkwang, which is delivered now, has been stylized like that of the monk’s portrait in the late Chosŏn dynasty. So his original spirit does not manifest in the portrait. To draw a portrait that worshipers could respect it with their hearts and thoughts of Wonkwang, I examined the life and thoughts of Wonkwang. In particular, he considered his core ideology, the five precepts for a lay person 世俗五戒 and offered a new interpretation of ‘not killing thoughtlessly 殺生有擇’ and ‘not retreating at a battlefield 臨戰無退’ and considered his Mahāyāna Buddhism. Also, the definition and history of the monk's portrait were examined. This paper is also a preliminary review of the next paper about a study on the stylization of 〈Wongkwangkuksa’s portrait〉 in the Unmunsa Temple and the <New Venerable Dharma Wonkwang’s portrait>.