한국사회의 변화에 따른 개신교의 변화와 그 이념적 분화

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explain the ideological ramifications of the faith and the Korean church history according to the Korean society changes. The main methodology is a historical study on Korean Protestant church. The six main points of this study are the following: Firstly, The Korean Protestant church was the driving force for transforming and reorganizing the structure of the Korean society. The teaching of Protestantism brought the organized growth of several reform and anti-Japanese nationalism movements. Secondly, conservative belief movement of the Korean Protestant church was a part of non-political strategy of missionaries. During the Japanese colonial period, Gospel-based conservative faith movement was brought about gradually seperating Korean church from the Collaborationist Activities in continuation with the 1907 big revival movement as a way of depoliticizing strategy by the missionaries. Thirdly, after the Japanese colony ended, the fundamental change of the Korean church were driven by the influencing power of individual missionaries and the role of each missionary departments. During the period of modernizing Korean society, the Protestant church became a gateway to the american culture. After the Japanese colony ended, the entrance to Korea and action of each missionary have given Korea great opportunity for church mission and brought about fundamental changes on the Korea churches. Fourthly, after Korean war, a believer group of Protestant church has played a key role in firming up a system of anti-communist pro-american conservatism. The formation of the anti-communist conservatism in South Korea curch was accelerated by christians from North Korea. During the three-year U.S military occupation the U.S administration authorities and the Protestant churches of Korea shared a common task of eradicating the Communism force. Fifthly, materialism and Mega-Church syndrome of the Korean Church were accompanied with dictatorship in the 60s and 70s, which heavily emphasizes on economic growth. Rapid social change was made in this period in the name of national development and modernization. Sixthly, The remarkable feature of the Korean Protestant church is that increase rate of new believers reduced in the 80s and quantitative growth in 90s became very sluggish. Criticism arose on the Korea churches with regard to the materiallism, pray to God only for mercy, indifference to the social responsibility, and the unreasonable and undemocratic factors within church with ever-growing problem of delayed church growth and the public mistrust.