Being moral motivates consumers to work harder and accept challenges
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Research on sequential choice has extensively demonstrated moral licensing across traits such as fairness, compassion, and honesty; however, the impact of moral licensing on industriousness remains unexplored. To establish the robustness of moral licensing, diverse moral traits must be considered. This article explores moral licensing versus consistency in sequential behaviour paradigms, specifically focusing on industriousness across three experiments. Employing a single-factor between-subjects design, the first two experiments reveal that individuals engaged in moral activities are subsequently more likely than those who are not involved in moral activities to accept difficult tasks. The third experiment extends these findings, showing that those involved in moral activities are more inclined than those who are not involved in moral activities to choose products requiring effort. Moreover, it confirms the mediating role of positive moral identity in explaining the connection between past moral actions and subsequent industrious behaviours. In contrast to prior research, which emphasised the potential of moral behaviours leading to subsequent unethical actions, this study contributes to the moral licensing literature by demonstrating the positive influence of past moral actions on subsequent industrious behaviour.
Abstract
Research on sequential choice has extensively demonstrated moral licensing across traits such as fairness, compassion, and honesty; however, the impact of moral licensing on industriousness remains unexplored. To establish the robustness of moral licensing, diverse moral traits must be considered. This article explores moral licensing versus consistency in sequential behaviour paradigms, specifically focusing on industriousness across three experiments. Employing a single-factor between-subjects design, the first two experiments reveal that individuals engaged in moral activities are subsequently more likely than those who are not involved in moral activities to accept difficult tasks. The third experiment extends these findings, showing that those involved in moral activities are more inclined than those who are not involved in moral activities to choose products requiring effort. Moreover, it confirms the mediating role of positive moral identity in explaining the connection between past moral actions and subsequent industrious behaviours. In contrast to prior research, which emphasised the potential of moral behaviours leading to subsequent unethical actions, this study contributes to the moral licensing literature by demonstrating the positive influence of past moral actions on subsequent industrious behaviour.
참고문헌 (60)
- Aquino, K., "The self-importance of moral identity", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(6), pp.1423~1440 (2002)[DOI]
- Baumeister, R. F., "When ego threats lead to self-regulation failure : Negative consequences of high self-esteem", Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 64(1), pp.141~156 (1993)
- Blaine, B., "Self-Esteem: The Puzzle of Low Self-Regard", pp.55~85 (1993)
- Blanken, I., "A meta-analytic review of moral licensing", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41(4), pp.540~558 (2015)[DOI]
- Brockner, J., "Self-esteem at work: Research, theory, and practice", pp.1988, Lexington Books
- Cain, D. M., "When sunlight fails to disinfect perverse effects of disclosing conflicts of interest", Journal of Consumer Research, 37(5), pp.836~857 (2010)[DOI]
- Casey, L. S., "Intertemporal differences among MTurk workers : Time-based sample variations and implications for online data collection", Sage Open, 7(2), pp.1~15 (2017)[DOI]
- Chan, S. C., "Mandatory service learning at university : Do less-inclined students learn from it", Active Learning in Higher Education, 20(3), pp.189~202 (2019)[DOI]
- Clot, S., "Self-licensing and financial rewards. Is morality for sale", Economics Bulletin, 33(3), pp.2298~2306 (2013)
- Clot, S., "Do good deeds make bad people", European Journal of Law and Economics, 42(3), pp.491~513 (2014)[DOI]
- Conway, P., "When does feeling moral actually make you a better person? Conceptual abstraction moderates whether past moral deeds motivate consistency or compensatory behavior", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(7), pp.907~919 (2012)[DOI]
- Cutright, K. M., "Doing it the hard way : How low control drives preferences for high-effort products and services", Journal of Consumer Research, 41(3), pp.730~745 (2014)[DOI]
- DiPaula, A., "Self-esteem and persistence in the face of failure", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(3), pp.711~724 (2002)[DOI]
- Dreesbach-Bundy, S., "Corporate volunteering : A bibliometric analysis from 1990–2015", Business Ethics : A European Review, 26(3), pp.240~256 (2017)[DOI]
- Dutton, K. A., "Global self-esteem and specific self-views as determinants of people’s reactions to success and failure", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(1), pp.139~ (1997)[DOI]
- Effron, D. A., "Endorsing Obama licenses favoring whites", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45(3), pp.590~593 (2009)[DOI]
- Fishbach, A., "Goals as excuses or guides : The liberating effect of perceived goal progress on choice", Journal of Consumer Research, 32(3), pp.370~377 (2005)[DOI]
- Fornell, C., "Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error", Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), pp.39~50 (1981)[DOI]
- Gander, F., "What are character strengths good for? A daily diary study on character strengths enactment", The Journal of Positive Psychology, 17(5), pp.718~728 (2022)[DOI]
- Gneezy, A., "Paying to be nice : Consistency and costly pro-social behavior", Management Science, 58(1), pp.179~187 (2012)[DOI]
- Jędryczka, W., "The role of victim’s resilience and self-esteem in experiencing internet hate", International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), pp.13149~ (2022)[DOI]
- Jhawar, A., "Subduing effects of personal norms on materialism fostering green purchase behavior : Modified norm activation model perspective", Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, 33(4), pp.602~625 (2023)[DOI]
- Jhawar, A., "Impact of materialism on tourists’ green purchase behavior: Extended norm activation model perspective", Journal of Vacation Marketing (2023)[DOI]
- Judge, T. A., "The power of being positive: The relation between positive self-concept and job performance", Human Performance, 11(2–3), pp.167~187 (1998)
- Kam, C. D., "Beyond the “narrow data base”: Another convenience sample for experimental research", Political Behavior, 29(4), pp.415~440 (2007)[DOI]
- Khan, U., "Licensing effect in consumer choice", Journal of Marketing Research, 43(2), pp.259~266 (2006)[DOI]
- Kim, S., "Education and public service motivation : A longitudinal study of high school graduates", Public Administration Review, 81(2), pp.260~272 (2021)[DOI]
- Kozinets, R. V., "Adversaries of consumption : Consumer movements, activism, and ideology", Journal of Consumer Research, 31(3), pp.691~704 (2004)[DOI]
- Kristjansson, K., "Virtues and vices in positive psychology: A philosophical critique" (2013), Cambridge University Press
- Liat, C. B., "Hotel service recovery and service quality : Influences of corporate image and generational differences in the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty", Journal of Global Marketing, 30(1), pp.42~51 (2017)[DOI]
- Luchs, M. G., "Exploring consumer responsibility for sustainable consumption", Journal of Marketing Management, 31(13–14), pp.1449~1471 (2015)[DOI]
- Mazar, N., "Do green products make us better people", Psychological Science, 21(4), pp.494~498 (2010)[DOI]
- Meijers, M. H. C., "Paradoxical side effects of green advertising : How purchasing green products may instigate licensing effects for consumers with a weak environmental identity", International Journal of Advertising, 38(8), pp.1202~1223 (2019)[DOI]
- Miller, D. T., "Psychological license : When it is needed and how it functions", Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 43, pp.115~155 (2010)
- Monin, B., "Moral credentials and the expression of prejudice", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(1), pp.33~43 (2001)[DOI]
- Mukhopadhyay, A., "Indulgence as self-reward for prior shopping restraint : A justification-based mechanism", Journal of Consumer Psychology, 19(3), pp.334~345 (2009)[DOI]
- Mullen, E., "Consistency versus licensing effects of past moral behavior", Annual Review of Psychology, 67(1), pp.363~385 (2016)[DOI]
- Novemsky, N., "Goal fulfillment and goal targets in sequential choice", Journal of Consumer Research, 32(3), pp.396~404 (2005)[DOI]
- Peterson, C., "Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification" (2004), Oxford University Press
- "Global views on morality" (2014)[URL]
- Pierce, J. L., "Organization-based self-esteem : Construct definition, measurement, and validation", Academy of Management Journal, 32(3), pp.622~648 (1989)[DOI]
- Pikoulas, G., "The protective role of self-esteem on burnout and depression symptoms among police officers : A path analysis approach", International Journal of Police Science & Management, 24(3), pp.313~324 (2022)[DOI]
- Podsakoff, P. M., "Common method biases in behavioral research : A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies", Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), pp.879~903 (2003)
- Preacher, K. J., "Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models", Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), pp.879~891 (2008)[DOI]
- Rather, R. A., "Consequences of consumer engagement in service marketing : An empirical exploration", Journal of Global Marketing, 32(2), pp.116~135 (2019)[DOI]
- Sears, D. O., "College sophomores in the laboratory : Influences of a narrow data base on social psychology’s view of human nature", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(3), pp.515~530 (1986)[DOI]
- Simbrunner, P., "Moral licensing : A culture-moderated meta-analysis", Management Review Quarterly, 67(4), pp.201~225 (2017)[DOI]
- Simmons, J. P., "False-positive psychology : Undisclosed flexibility in data collection and analysis allows presenting anything as significant", Psychological Science, 22(11), pp.1359~1366 (2011)[DOI]
- Sintov, N., "Cognitive accessibility as a new factor in pro-environmental spillover : Results from a field study of household food waste management", Environment and Behavior, 51(1), pp.50~80 (2019)[DOI]
- Sommer, K. L., "Self-evaluation, persistence, and performance following implicit rejection : The role of trait self-esteem", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(7), pp.926~938 (2002)[DOI]
- Susewind, M., "A matter of perspective : Why past moral behavior can sometimes encourage and other times discourage future moral striving", Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 44(3), pp.201~209 (2014)[DOI]
- Tafarodi, R. W., "Self-liking and self-competence as dimensions of global self-esteem : Initial validation of a measure", Journal of Personality Assessment, 65(2), pp.322~342 (1995)[DOI]
- Tharenou, P., "Employee self-esteem : A review of the literature", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 15(3), pp.316~346 (1979)[DOI]
- Tiefenbeck, V., "For better or for worse? Empirical evidence of moral licensing in a behavioral energy conservation campaign", Energy Policy, 57, pp.160~171 (2013)[DOI]
- Van-Dijk, D., "Feedback sign effect on motivation : Is it moderated by regulatory focus", Applied Psychology, 53(1), pp.113~135 (2004)[DOI]
- Van Buren, H. J., "Religion as a macro social force affecting business : Concepts, questions, and future research", Business & Society, 59(5), pp.799~822 (2020)[DOI]
- Weaver, G. R., "Religiosity and ethical behavior in organizations : A symbolic interactionist perspective", The Academy of Management Review, 27(1), pp.77~97 (2002)[DOI]
- Weber, M., "The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism" (1958), Scribner
- Whetten, D. A., "What constitutes a theoretical contribution", The Academy of Management Review, 14(4), pp.490~495 (1989)[DOI]
- Zhao, M., "Mental simulation and preference consistency over time : The role of process-versus outcome-focused thoughts", Journal of Marketing Research, 44(3), pp.379~388 (2007)
