본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

한국 공적개발원조(ODA)정책의 성격에 대한 실증분석

An Empirical Study on Korean ODA Policy

2

조회

0

다운로드

35

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류정치외교학

초록

이 연구의 목적은 1992년부터 2008년까지의 한국 ODA 분배자료에 대한 통계분석을 토대로 한국 ODA 정책의 성격을 밝히는데 있다. 이를 위해 한국의 ‘무상 ODA’,‘유상 ODA’, ‘총 ODA’를 종속변수로 하고, ‘현실주의’와 ‘자유주의’에 입각한 제 변수를 독립변수로 하였다. 그리고 한국 ODA 배분결정과정은 수혜국 선택단계와 규모결정단계로 구분되는바, 헤크만(Heckman)의 이단계 분석모델을 사용하였다. 이 같은 분석을 통해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 현실주의 관점에서 도출된 ODA 대상국과 미국과의 동맹여부 및 한국과의 무역규모와 대상국에 대한 한국의 투자규모가 주요한 변수가 되고 있다는 점이다. 둘째, 자유주의 관점에서 도출된 주요한 변수들 중에서 대상국의 경제적 수준은 한국의 ODA 배분정책 결정과정에서 주요한 고려요인이 되고 있는 반면에, 인권수준이나 전쟁 및 내전변수는 그렇지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 결국 DAC 가입이전의 한국 ODA 정책은 자유주의보다는 현실주의적 관점이 강한편임을 알 수 있다. 이 같은 경향은 자유주의적 목표도 주요한 고려대상이 되고 있는 기존 DAC 회원국들의 ODA 정책과 비교된다. 따라서 이에 대한 심도 있는 검토가 요구된다 하겠다.

Abstract

This study aims to uncover the characteristics of korean ODA policy by an empirical analysis on the distributions of korean ODA from 1992 to 2008. In doing so, this study sets up three types of dependent variables: ‘granted ODA’, ‘loaned ODA’, ‘total ODA,’ which are explained with two theoretical arguments: ‘Realism’ and ‘Liberalism.’And due to the fact that the decision making process for the distribution of korean ODA takes two stages: to select ODA recipients; and to decide the size of the ODA for the selected ODA recipients, this study employes a ‘Heckman two stage analysis.’The results of this study are as follows: it is found that three variables derived from realism are related to distributions of korean ODA, such as the US alliances, the size of trade with korea, as well as the size of direct investments of korea toward the ODA recipients; on the other hand, among those variables rooted in liberalism, the economic level of ODA recipients is significantly associated with the distribution of korean ODA; however no role of the level of human rights of the ODA recipients, the occurrence of civil wars as well as international wars in them is played in the korean decision making process regarding ODA. The results reveal that korean ODA policy more relies on realism than liberalism. And the findings demonstrate that in comparing to trends of ODA distribution of other members of DAC, korean ODA policy needs to take care of international norms such as human rights.

참고문헌 (40)

  1. Achen, Christoper H, "The Statistical Analysis of Quasi-Experiments" (1986), University of California Press
  2. Apodaca, Clair, "United States Human Rights Policy and Foreign Assistance", International Studies Quarterly, 43(1) (1999)
  3. Baldwin, David A, "Economic Statecraft" (1985), Princeton University Press
  4. Beck, Nathaniel, "What To Do (and Not To Do) with Time Series-Cross-Section Data", American Political Science Review, 89(3) (1995)
  5. Cingranelli, David L, "Human Rights Practices and the US Distribution of Foreign Aid to Latin American Countries", American Journal of Political Science, 29(3) (1985)
  6. Doyle, Michael W, "Liberalism and World Politics", American Political Science Review, 80(4) (1986)
  7. Elman, Collin, "Horses For Courses: Why Not Neorealist Theories of Foreign Policy", Security Studies, 6(1) (1996)
  8. Fearon, James. D, "Domestic Politics, Foreign Policy, and Theories of International Relations", Annual Review of Political Science, 1(1) (1998)
  9. Gujarati, Damondar N, "Basic Econometrics" (1995), McGraw-Hill Inc
  10. Heckman, James J, "Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error", Econometrica, 47(1) (1979)
  11. Hook, Steven W, "National Interest and Foreign Aid" (1995), Lynne Rienner
  12. Keohane, Robert O, "International liberalism reconsidered. in The Economic Limits to Modern Politics" (1990), Cambridge University Press
  13. Lai, Brian, "Examining the Goals of US Foreign Assistance in the Post-Cold War Period, 1991-1996", Journal of Peace Research, 40(1) (1996)
  14. Lebovic, James H, "National Interests and U.S. Foreign Aid: The Carter and Reagan Years", Journal of Peace Research, 25(2), pp.115~135 (1998)
  15. Lebovic, James H, "Donor Positioning: Development Assistance from the U.S., Japan, France, Germany, and Britain", Political Science Quarterly, 58(1) (2005)
  16. Leeds, Brett Ashley, "Alliance Treaty Obligations and Provisions, 1815-1944", International Interactions, 28(3) (1944)
  17. Legro, J, "Is Anyone Still a Realist", International Security, 24(2) (1999)
  18. Lumsdaine, David, "Changing Values and the recent rise in Korean development assistance", The Pacific Review, 20(2) (2007)
  19. Maizels, Alfred, "Motivations for Aid to Developing Countries", World Development, 12(2) (1984)
  20. Macdonald, Ryan, "Determinants of Canadian bilateral aid allocations: humanitarian, commercial, or political", Canadian Journal of Economics, 37(2) (2004)
  21. McKinlay, R. D, "A Foreign Policy Model of U.S. Bilateral Aid Allocation", World Politics, 30(1) (1977)
  22. McKinlay, R. D, "A Foreign Policy Model of British Bilateral Aid Allocation", British Journal of Political Science, 8(3) (1978)
  23. McKinlay, R. D, "A US Aid Relationship: A Test of Recipient Need and the Donor Interest Models", Political Studies, 27(2) (1979)
  24. Meernik, James, "Testing Models of US Foreign Policy: Foreign Aid during and after the Cold War", The Journal of Politics, 60(1) (1998)
  25. Meyer, William H, "Human Rights and International Political Economy in the Third World Nations" (1998), Praeger Pub
  26. Moravcsik, Andrew, "Taking Preferences Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics", International Organization, 51(4) (1997)
  27. "DAC in Dates" (2006)[URL]
  28. Pearson Commission, "Partners in Development: report of the Commission on International Development" (1969), Pall Mall Press
  29. "CRS User’s Guide: Basic concepts-Official development assistance"[URL]
  30. Poe, Steven C, "Human Rights and the Allocation of US Military Assistance", Journal of Peace Research, 28(2) (1991)
  31. Poe, Steven C, "Human Rights and Economic Aid under Ronald Reagan and Jimmy Carter", American Journal of Political Science, 36(1) (1992)
  32. Poe, Steven C, "US Military Aid in the 1980s: A Global Analysis", Journal of Peace Research, 32(4) (1995)
  33. Rosenbaum, Paul E, "Reducing Bias in Observational Studies Using Subclassification on the Propensity Score", Journal of American Statistical Association, 79(389) (1984)
  34. Richardson, James L, "Contending Liberalism in World Politics" (2001), Lynne Rienner Pub. Inc
  35. Schoultz, Lars, "Human Rights and United States Policy toward Latin America" (1981), Princeton University Press
  36. Stohl, Michael, "Human Rights and US Foreign Assistance from Nixon and Carter", Journal of Peace Research, 21(3) (1984)
  37. Foreign Aid: An Introduction to U.S. Programs and Policy, "Tarnoff, Curt", ~ (2009)
  38. Tuman, John P, "Explaining Japanese Aid Policy in Latin America: A Test of Competing Theories", Political Research Quarterly, 54(1) (2001)
  39. Waltz, Kenneth N, "Theory of International Politics" (1979), McGraw-Hill
  40. Zacher, Mark W, "Liberal International Theory: Common Threads, Divergent Strands. in Controversies in International Relations Theory:Realism and the Neoliberal Challenge" (1995), St. Martins’s Press

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (10건)