유아의 자기통제가 적응과 부적응에 미치는 영향에 대한 다층메타분석
Effects of Young Children's Self-Control on Adjustment and Maladjustment: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis
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본 연구는 자기통제가 유아의 적응과 부적응에 미치는 영향에 대한 다층메타분석을 실시하기 위하여 2012년 1월부터 2022년 8월까지 국내에서 출판된 논문을 분석하였다. 연구에 포함된 대상 논문은 학술지 110편, 학위논문 86편으로, 총 196편이었다. 본 연구는 RStudio 43.1 소프트웨어 프로그램에서 metafor package를 사용하여 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 자기통제가 유아의 적응에 미치는 영향력이 부적응에 미치는 영향보다 크게 나타났다. 또한 자기조절과 정서조절은 큰 효과크기로 유아의 적응에 미치는 영향력이 크게 나타난 반면, 정서조절곤란은 유아의 부적응에 큰 효과크기를 나타냈다. 유아의 자기조절은 놀이몰입에, 의도적 통제와 정서조절은 리더십에 큰 효과크기로 큰 영향력을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 자기조절은 유아의 외현화 문제와 게임중독에 큰 영향력을 보여주었다. 출판유형에 따라 자기통제가 유아의 적응과 부적응에 미치는 조절효과는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났고, 출판연도에 따른 조절효과에는 차이가 있었다. 또한 본 연구는 출판편향에 미치는 영향이 나타나지 않아 추정한 효과크기의 차이와 연구결과의 신뢰성을 확인하였다.
Abstract
The present study conducted a multi-level meta-analysis of studies published in Korea between 2012 and August 2022 to examine the effect of self-control on adjustment and maladjustment among young children. A total of 196 studies were analyzed, including 110 master's and doctoral theses and 86 journal articles using the metafor package in the RStudio 43.1 software program. The number of samples included was 51,102 young children. Among the results of this meta-analysis are the following. First, in the analysis testing for the effects of self-control subdomains (self-regulation, intentional control, immediate gratification, emotional regulation, emotional dysregulation), the effect of self-control on children's adaptation showed a large effect size, and it showed a medium-sized effect on children's maladjustment. Second, the next step involved a series of meta-analyses to identify the effect sizes of self-control subdomains on adjustment subdomains. Among young children, self-regulation had the largest impact on play immersion, and among children, it had the largest impact on leadership. Emotional regulation had the greatest impact on young children's externalizing behavior problem and game addiction. Third, there was no moderating effect of self-control on the adjustment and maladjustment of young children depending on the publication type. However, there was the moderating effect depending on the year of publication. In conclusion, it had implications in that it provided a direction for follow-up research on self-control and provided evidence that can be used for education, counseling, and policies to intervene with self-control.
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