淸陰 金尙憲 ≪朝天錄≫ 考察 -한시작품을 중심으로-

Abstract

This treatise is a study of Jocheonnok written by Cheong Eum, Kim Sang-heon. Kim Sang-heon was not only a paragon of faithfulness having been loyal to Ming dynasty not yielding under pressure of the Qing dynasty at the time of Manchu Invasion of 1636 (丙子胡亂, pronounced, “Byeongja Horan”), but also he has been renowned as the leader of prominent figure of the group of scholar-officials who had argued most forcefully against making peace (斥和派, “Cheokhwapa”). The political situation both home and abroad in the middle of the 17th century was in utter confusion. Domestic order was not stabilized on account of aftereffects of Injo Restoration (仁祖反正, “Injo Banjeong”), and internationally, the later Chin (後金, “Hugeum”) and Ming were standing opposite each other. Under such difficult situation in varied aspects, the first problem that should have had to be resolved primarily was the matter related to Mo Mun Ryong (毛文龍, Mao Wenlong in Chinese, Mobile Corps Commander during Ming period) who occupied Gado (椵島, an island situated in the waters off Cheolsan-gun, Pyeonganbuk-do). Mo Mun Ryong had forced the Government of Korea during Joseon period to supply arms, and also requested necessary materials. When such requests were not accepted, he made a false accusation for no reason at all to the royal court of Ming dynasty for the purpose of driving the Korean Government into difficult position. With regard to this false accusation, Joseon couldn’t help but had to defend. So, in 1626, Kim Sang-heon was selected as an embassy to congratulate the Ming emperor on his birthday (聖節使, Seongjeolsa) and, concurrently, as an embassy to make an official request for generosity of the emperor (謝恩陳奏使, Saeun Iinjusa), then he was sent to China. Meanwhile, the late Chin secured the command of overland routes, so that, he had to pass through a sea route inevitably. At that time it had been well known that the sea route for emissaries to foreign country was the way that leads to the world of the dead, nobody volunteered to make this emissary journey through sea route. Since Kim Sang-heon let his loyalty to the nation took precedence to any other things, he couldn’t remain just a mere spectator, thus, he gladly set off for a journey as an emissary. And he recorded his memories and sentiments he had experienced during the journey as emissary in a detailed manner, having sublimated the stories in poems. This is the Jocheonnok. This book was published in the locale of China with the courtesy of Jang Yeon-deung, whom he came to know at Ilseopwon in Jinan, Sandong Province, by writing a preface to this book. Wang Sa-jeong, the husband of Jang Yeon-deung’s granddaughter, had a special liking for this book, and, as a result, emissaries both of China and Joseon as a matter of course talked about the contributions made by Kim Sang-heon and his poetry as well during their journey. Therefore, it is believed that the evaluation of Jocheonnok written by Kim Sang-heon is a task to be preceded in understanding his literary world in whole.