고려전기 묘지명 연구-知制誥 찬 묘지명을 중심으로-

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the historical significance of the memorial inscription in the first term of Koryo by analyzing descriptive methods, features, and the periodical transition of epitaphs. The memorial inscription in the first term of Koryo does not demonstrate the people themselves, as the next generation of inscription does. Surprisingly enough, Ji-Jae-Go(知制誥)'s epitaphs nearly occupy forty percent of all inscriptions. The truth is that these distinctive circumstances are closely related with the inscription on a monument of Buddhist priests. On the other hand, it also seemed that the first term of Koryo was not ready to produce professional letters in literary circles while it reflected the periodical aspects. Ji-Jae-Go's epitaphs are evenly spread around the period of the first term of Koryo. Through these memorial inscriptions, we can witness the features and the state of society in that time. In the time of Yejong(睿宗), Han Chung(韓冲) demonstrated peculiar writing styles based on those protagonists of renowned lineages such as Choi Sa Choo(崔思諏) and Choi Gye Bang(崔繼芳). He also invigorated writers' consciousness making the most of appropriate syntax, which was equivalent to the well-noted as in upper class which was familiar to the noble, upper class in society. In the time of Injong(仁宗), Kim Jung(金精) exalted the royal mistress, Bok Nyong(福寧), as the shining example of womanhood and showed Heo Jae(許載) as a influential and decent bureaucratic shape. In the early time of Uijong(毅宗), Kim Ja Ui(金子儀) strategically utilized the classical canon on epitaphs for Kwon Jeok(權適) and Yun Eon yi(尹彦頥). He also intentionally defended Confucius' achievements and established stereotypical examples of a noble man. In the middle and later years of Uijong(毅宗), Kim Woo Beon(金于蕃) welcomed a distinctive figure like Min Young(閔瑛) and characterized Choi Yun Ui(崔允儀) as a leading statesman and a trustworthy servant, which confirms the extension of epitaphs and his marked individuality. On the other hand, when it comes to writing style, They preferred concise and sophisticated Gomoon(古文). It seems that their Confucian ideology, recognition of Gomoon, learning of So Sik(蘇軾)'s epitaph and trend of Confucianism played remarkable roles in the shape of their personality. On these inscriptions, although there exist periodical differences, national position papers, Confucian ideology, and public morality are distinctively reflected. It can be seen that he was closely involved in political situations at that time. There is no denying that the portrayal of a man of worth on epitaph lacks vitality and figures are also somewhat idealized. It is a deniable limitation for him. Despite that, he contributed to boost Confucian literature and settle it down in a stable manner. Meanwhile, regardless of the restriction and limitation of epitaph locations, they demonstrated their literary achievements and traced situational recognition, subjective consciousness, hope, willingness, and future-oriented inclination. That's why epitaphs of the first term of Koryo have been recognized as a distinctive style of prose in literature. The development of the epitaph in the first term of Koryo not only intentionally resorts to the power of the traditional inscriptions but simultaneously excludes it, welcoming it as its own and preparing for a different standard. Ji-Jae-Go's inscription was the forerunner in terms of this. Epitaphs in the first term of Koryo are meaningful history themselves. The period of power in arms and memorial inscriptions of the second term of Koryo could have entered the stage by overcoming its boundary and taking over it.