19世紀 咸鏡道 安邊의鄕廳 ․ 作廳 職任과人事慣行 －‘향청 ․ 작청 직임 명단’ 문서를 중심으로－

Abstract

This study analyzed official duties and personnel practices of Hyangcheong(鄕廳), administrative organization in which sajok(士族) participate this office,and Jakcheong(作廳), hyangree(鄕吏)'s office, of Anbyeon of HamgyeongProvince in the 19th century. Although there have beeen somewhat of case study of Gyeongsang, Honam,etc., study on Hamgyeong Province has been almost nonexistent because ofthe limitation of materials. Hence, this paper specifically examined Hyangcheong and Jakcheong’sofficial duties and personnel practices through an article of ‘a list ofHyangcheong and Jakcheong’s officials’ of Anbyeon, newly found, which isin the possession of this writer. Especially, this study virtually traced individual ststus and family by analyzing Hyangcheong and Jakcheong’s 40－official duties and a list of 330－ofiicial duties for sixs years. And then by comparing it against Jokbo(族譜),I have grasped 19－Famlily of them. Executives of Hyangcheong could be grasped as they were status ofYangban(兩班), but members of Jakcheong were hardly identified because theywere status of hyangree, thus most of them were not enscrolled in Jokbo. Hyangcheong and Jakcheong’s official duties could be found by compareit with other area in Ehubgi(邑誌) Hamgyeong Province. the features ofofficiak duties are as in the following. On general administrative organization, Sajok’s Hayngcheong, Jakcheong asgeneral administrative organization and Jangcheong(將廳) as police workexisted. As Pyeongando and Hamgyeongdo were border areas, Jangcheong wasindependent and led other institutions. However, in Anbyeon, Hojang(戶長) of Hayngcheong and Jakcheongdivided dudies and commanded. Hojang'role was higher than any other areas,Because Hojang is in charge of Jangcheong’s functions. Jakcheong was centrally operated by Hojang, Eebang(吏房), andHyeongbang(刑房), so－called ‘Samgonghyeong(三公兄)’, Whereas Anbyeonwas operated by Hojang, Eebang, Chunchong(千摠). In the general areas, While Juasu(座首) Byeolgam(別監), Executive ofHyangcheong, manages each warehouse(倉) where the nation's tax revenuesare kept, In Anbyeon besides Joasu, Hyangso(鄕所). The principle of Hyangcheong and Jakcheong’s personnel practices was one－period, but there were many consecutive terms, every other year terms, ortranference into other area. Police work was assumed by specific persons because it was relativelyspecialized job, However in case of Ghamsaek(監色) of each warehouse(倉), Hyangso(鄕所) of Hyangcheong or Hojang of Jakcheong had held pluraloffices, and was solely responsible it. On the overall features of its operation, Hyangcheong held plural offices,but rotation was made only within Hyangcheong. On the other hand, in the case of Jakcheong, Hojang, Eebang, and evenBuriebang circulated their positions, but the other Hyangree rotated each Saek(色) and Guamguan of each warehouse(倉). This writer confirmed that unlike Gyeongsang and Hamgyeong,Hyangcheoung or duties of Hyangree were not handed from generation togeneration by several families and, many families shared their work bycirculating positions.