安城 七長寺 木造地藏菩薩坐像과 彫刻僧 金文

Abstract

This study explores about the Seated Wooden Ksitigarbha of Anseong Chiljangsa. This Seated Wooden Kstigarbha was rendered by monk sculpture Geummun(金文) in 1706. Its votive inscription, which was found during gilding process, helps to study late Joseon dynasty's Buddhist sculpture style. According to the votive inscription, the Seated Wooden Ksitigarbha, was enshrined in Chilojangsa in 1706. The main buddhist sculptor was Geummun. His name also reported other votive inscriptions. According to these inscriptions, he was participated in Hyehui(惠熙)’s works in 1655 and 1675. He also worked with Seungil(勝日) in 1668. In these three cases, the position of Geummun was subordinated to these two masters, Hyehui and Seungil. However, in 1703 Geummun became a head of a group of monk sculptors when he gilt the Stone Buddha Triad of Busan Jangansa. Based on these reported votive inscriptions, Geummun’s life can be traced. He was approximately born in 1640 and in 1655 joined Hyehui monk sculptor school. After 1655, he was involved in many Buddha creating projects for 50 years. The features of Geummun’s works were summarized to three. Compared with other Buddha sculpture, created in 17th century, in his works, the potion of Buddha head is increased. The second feature is the way for creating drapery. The drapery on the right shoulder gradually falls to the side by shaping a slant line. The drapery under the left shoulder is folded. The third feature is the 'S' shape on the edge of the robe, which covers the lower part of the body. These three features are easily recognized in Gangneung Baegunsa, Bonghwa Jungdaesa, Goryeong Bannyongsa, Mungyeong Haegoksa and Daeseongam, Guisan Gaeshimsa, and Jaecheon Muamsa Buddhas. Based on these Buddhas’ stylistic similarities in above temples, I can conclude that Geummun and his associated monk sculptors mainly engaged in Chungbug province Buddha creating projects from late 17th century to the early 18th century. The Seated Wooden Ksitigarbha of Chiljangsa is a reliable source to fill Taewon(太願) monk sculptor school's genealogy. Taewon school's genealogy is summarized like this: Taewon(太願, 1600~1615)-Beopyeong(法靈, 法令, 1615~1641)-Hyehui(慧熙, 1640~1677) -Geummun(金文, 1665~1706), Chengyun(淸允, 1684-1706). Geummun and his associated monk sculptors played a critical role for shaping one of the important monk sculptor schools in the late 17th century and the early 18th century.