Temporal and Spectral Characteristics at the midpoint of Frication Noise in Korean Fricatives
2
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This paper examines the temporal and the spectral characteristics of the two Korean fricatives, /s/ and /s*/ in terms of fricative category, dialect, gender, age, and vowel context by measuring fricative duration and the four spectral moments. The study results show that fricative duration is the only robust cue to differentiate between the two dialects, but the four spectral moments do not play a role in distinguishing between the two dialects. The study indicates significant effects of fricative category and vowel context on the values of the four spectral moments as well as the fricative duration for the two Korean fricatives. Furthermore, among the four spectral moments, spectral mean and skewness show significant differences between age groups and gender groups, and variance is used to distinguish between the two genders. However, kurtosis does not serve as a distinctive cue for the speaker variability
Abstract
This paper examines the temporal and the spectral characteristics of the two Korean fricatives, /s/ and /s*/ in terms of fricative category, dialect, gender, age, and vowel context by measuring fricative duration and the four spectral moments. The study results show that fricative duration is the only robust cue to differentiate between the two dialects, but the four spectral moments do not play a role in distinguishing between the two dialects. The study indicates significant effects of fricative category and vowel context on the values of the four spectral moments as well as the fricative duration for the two Korean fricatives. Furthermore, among the four spectral moments, spectral mean and skewness show significant differences between age groups and gender groups, and variance is used to distinguish between the two genders. However, kurtosis does not serve as a distinctive cue for the speaker variability
참고문헌 (40)
- Abul-Al-Makarem, A. S., "Spectral Characteristics of Voiceless Fricatives in Arabic", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 118(3), pp.1898~1898 (2005)
- Ahn, H, "An Acoustic Investigation of the Phonation Types of Post-fricative Vowels in Korean", Harvard Studies in Korean Linguistics, 8, pp.57~72 (1999)
- Al-Khairy, M. A., "Acoustic Characteristics of Arabic Fricatives", Ph. D, pp.2005
- Behrens, S., "On the Role of the Amplitude of the Fricative Noise in the Perception of Place of Articulation in Voiceless Fricative Consonants", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 84(3), pp.861~867 (1988)
- Behrens, S. J., "Acoustic Characteristics of English Voiceless Fricatives: A Descriptive Analysis", Journal of Phonetics, 18, pp.51~63 (1988)
- Blumstein, S. E., "The Characteristics of Voicing in Syllable-initial Fricatives in American English", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 101(6), pp.3754~3765 (1997)
- Blumstein, S. E., "Acoustic Invariance in Speech Production: Evidence from Measurements of the Spectral Characteristics of Stop Consonants", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 66(4), pp.1001~1017 (1979)
- "Praat, a System for Doing Phonetics by Computer, Version 5.3.47" (2013)[URL]
- Korean Fricatives: Production, Perception, and Laryngeal Typology, "Chang, C", 20~70 (2007)
- Chen, H., "An Acoustical Study of the Fricative", s, Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, pp.2001, 44[DOI]
- Cho, T., "Acoustic and Aerodynamic Correlates to Korean Stops and Fricatives", Journal of Phonetics, 30, pp.193~228 (2002)
- Flipsen, P., "Acoustic Characteristics of", s, Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, pp.1999, 42[DOI]
- Forrest, K., "Statistical Analysis of Word-initial Voiceless Obstruents: Preliminary Data", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 84(1), pp.115~123 (1988)
- Hughes, G. W., "Spectral Properties of Fricative Consonants", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 28, pp.303~310 (1956)
- 황현경, "Spectral Characteristics of Frication Noise in Korean Sibilants", 말소리, 0(49), pp.31~50 (2004), 대한음성학회
- Iskarous, K., "A Gestural Account of Velar Contrast: the Back Fricatives in Navajo", Laboratory Phonology, 3(1), pp.195~210 (2012)
- Iverson, G, "Korean -s", Journal of Phonetics, 11, pp.191~200 (1983)
- Jesus, L., "A Parametric Study of the Spectral Characteristics of European Portuguese Fricatives", Journal of Phonetics, 30, pp.437~464 (2002)
- Ji, M-K., "Acoustic Phonetic Characteristics of Korean Fricatives in Patients with Spastic Dysarthria", M. A, pp.2012
- Jiquilin-Ramirez, D., "Huellas Sincróonicas y Diacróonicas de las Fricativas Posteriors del Españnol", CSIC, ~ (2010)
- Jongman. A, "Duration of Frication Noise Required for Identification of English Fricatives", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 85(4), pp.1718~1725 (1989)
- Jongman, A., "Acoustic Characteristics of English Fricatives", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 108, pp.1252~1263 (2000)
- Jun, S-A., "The Phonetics and Phonology of Korean Prosody", Ph. D, pp.1993
- Kagaya, R, "A Fiberscopic and Acoustic Study of the Korean Stops, Affricates and Fricatives", Journal of Phonetics, 2, pp.161~180 (1974)
- Kang, K-S, "On Korean Fricatives", Speech Sciences, 7(3), pp.53~68 (2000)
- Kent, R. D., "The Acoustic Analysis of Speech" (2002), Singular Publishing Group, Inc
- in Korean Plosives: New Stroboscopic Cine-MRI Data, "Journal of Phonetics", 2010, 90~108
- Nirgianaki, E., "Temporal Characteristics of Greek Fricatives", Papers of the 9th International Conference of Greek Linguistic, pp.25~33 (2009)
- Nittrouer, S., "The Emergence of Phonetic Segments: Evidence from the Spectral Structure of Fricative-vowel Syllables Spoken by Children and Adults", Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 32, pp.120~132 (1989)
- Nittrouer, S, "Children Learn Separate Aspects of Speech Production at Different Rates : Evidence from Spectral Moments", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 97, pp.520~530 (1995)
- Onaka, A., "Acoustic Comparison of Child and Adult Fricatives", 8th Australian International Conference on Speech Science and Technology, pp.134~139 (2000)
- Pirello, K., "The Characteristics of Voicing in Syllable-initial Fricatives in American English", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 101, pp.3754~3765 (1997)
- Shadle, C. H, "Speech Production and Speech Modelling", pp.187~209 (1990), Kluwer
- Shadle, C. H., "Quantifying Spectral Characteristics of Fricatives", Proceedings from the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, pp.1521~1524 (1996)
- Simpson, A, "Phonetic Differences Between Male and Female Speech", Language and Linguistic Compass, 3(2), pp.621~640 (2009)
- Sohn, H., "The Korean Language" (1999), Cambridge University Press
- Soli, S. D, "Second Formants in Fricatives: Acoustic Consequences of Fricative-vowel Coarticulation", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 70, pp.976~984 (1981)
- Stevens, K., "Acoustic Phonetics" (1998), MIT Press
- 성은경, "An Acoustic Study of Korean and English Voiceless Sibilant Fricatives", 말소리와 음성과학, 2(3), pp.37~46 (2010), 한국음성학회
- Yoon, K., "A Study of Korean Alveolar Fricatives: An Acoustic Analysis, Synthesis, and Perception Experiment", M. A, pp.1999