Null Arguments and Wh-in-situ
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
In this article I explore a variety of languages to show that there is a correlation between two different linguistic phenomena, wh-in-situ and the occurrence of null arguments, and derive a conclusive prediction that languages with D(iscourse)- based null arguments do not move wh- words to form a wh-interrogative sentence. To account for this correlation it is assumed that there exists an invisible D-linker connecting between a preceding utterance and a current uttering sentence containing null arguments. I argue that the existence of D-linker is conceptually necessary and valid in terms of the discourse structure provided by the centering theory, and can be proved to be real on the basis of empirical data. Finally I suggest a formulated schema as a general proposal to answer the question of why D-based null arguments block wh- movement and claim based on the empirical evidence that the general proposal can make a correct prediction that wh-movement cannot take place in languages with D-based null arguments since it results in intervening the association of a D-linker with the following null argument.
Abstract
In this article I explore a variety of languages to show that there is a correlation between two different linguistic phenomena, wh-in-situ and the occurrence of null arguments, and derive a conclusive prediction that languages with D(iscourse)- based null arguments do not move wh- words to form a wh-interrogative sentence. To account for this correlation it is assumed that there exists an invisible D-linker connecting between a preceding utterance and a current uttering sentence containing null arguments. I argue that the existence of D-linker is conceptually necessary and valid in terms of the discourse structure provided by the centering theory, and can be proved to be real on the basis of empirical data. Finally I suggest a formulated schema as a general proposal to answer the question of why D-based null arguments block wh- movement and claim based on the empirical evidence that the general proposal can make a correct prediction that wh-movement cannot take place in languages with D-based null arguments since it results in intervening the association of a D-linker with the following null argument.
참고문헌 (45)
- Aroonmanakun, Wirote, "Southeast Asian Linguistic Studies in Honour of Vichin Panupong", ~ (1997)
- Baauw,S, "Subject-Verb Inversion in Spanish Wh-Questions: Movement as Symmetry Breaker. In Linguistics in the Netherlands" (1998), John BenjaminsPublishing Company
- Baker,C.L, "Notes on the description of English questions: The role of an abstract question morpheme", Foundations of Language, 6, pp.197~219 (1970)
- Bruening,Benjamin, "Wh-in-situ Does Not Correlate with Wh-indefinites or Question Particles", Linguistic Inquiry, 38(1), pp.139~166 (2007)
- Cable,Seth, "The Grammar of Q: Q-Particles, Wh-movement and Pied-Piping" (2010), Oxford University Press
- Cheng,Lisa L.-S, "On the typology wh-questions", 박사, pp.1991
- Cheng, Lisa L.-S, "Two types of donkey sentences", Natural Language Semantics, 4, pp.121~163 (1996)
- Chung,S, "Identifiability and Null Objects in Chamorro", In Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistic Society (1984)
- Cole,J, "Null Arguments in Hindi: Towards a Theory of Null anaphors", MIT, ~ (1985)
- Cole, Peter, "The Typology of wh-movement: Wh-questions in Malay", Syntax, 1, pp.221~258 (1998)
- Cole, Peter, "Partial whmovement: Evidence from Malay. In Wh-scope marking", pp.101~130 (2000), John Benjamins
- Givon,Talmy, "Topic Continuity in Discourse: A Quantitative Cross-language Study" (1983), John Benjamin
- Grosz, B.J, "Providing a Unified Account of Definite Noun Phrases in Discourse", In Proceedings of ACL, pp.44~50 (1983)
- Grosz, B.J, "Towards a Computational Theory of Discourse Interpretation", ~ (1986)
- Grosz, B.J, "Centering: A framework for modelling the local coherence of discourse", In Computational Linguistics, 21(2), pp.203~225 (1995)
- Grosz, B.J, "Attention, Intentions, and the Structure of Discourse", In Computational Linguistics, 12(3), pp.175~204 (1986)
- Gunde, J.K, "Cognitive Status and the Form of Referring Expressions in Discourse", Language, 69(2), pp.274~307 (1993)
- Heim.I, "The Semantics of definite and indefinite noun phrases", 박사, pp.1982
- Huang,C.-T.J, "Logical Relations in Chinese and the Theory of Grammar", 박사, pp.1982
- Huang, C.-T. J, "On the Distribution and Reference of Empty Pronouns", Linguistic Inquiry, 15, pp.531~574 (1984)
- Huang, C.-T. J, "On the Typology of Zero Anaphora", Language Research, 20(2), pp.85~105 (1984)
- Huang,C.-T.J, "Pro Drop in Chinese: A Generalized Control Approach", Cornell University, ~ (1985)
- Jayaseelan,K.A, "Questions and question-word incorporating quantifiers in Malayalam", Syntax, 4, pp.63~93 (2001)
- Kameyama,M, "Zero Anaphora: The Case of Japanese", 박사, pp.1985
- Kamp,H, "A Theory of Truth and Semantic Representation in Formal Methods in the Study of Language", Mathematical Centre Tracts, 135 (1981)
- Lee,H-B, "On Empty Categories in Korean", Linguistic Journal of Korea, 12, pp.261~294 (1987)
- Li,Yen-hui Audrey, "Indefinite wh in Mandarin Chinese", Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 1, pp.125~155 (1992)
- MacWhinney, Brian, "Double Agreement: Role Identification", in Hungarian Language and Cognitive Processes, 12(1), pp.67~102 (1997)
- Moon,G.-S, "The Syntax of Null Argument with special referent to Korean", 박사, pp.1989
- Moon,G.-S, "The D-morpheme as Licenser of pro in Korean", Inje Nonchong, 9(1), pp.45~59 (1993)
- Moon,G.-S, "Syntactic Wh-movement in Korean: Movement of Long-Distance Scrambled wh-phrases", In Morphosyntax in Generative Grammar: Proceedings of 1996 Seoul international conference on generative grammar (1996), Hankuk publishing Co
- 문귀선, "영논항의 속성 재조명", 언어학, 18(1), pp.67~92 (2010), 대한언어학회
- Newell,Wayne, "Kukec", Indian Township, Maine: Wabnaki Bilingual Education Program, ~ (1974)
- Palmer, Bill, "Information structure and the pragmatic function of clause order variation in Cheke Holo", Studies in Language, ~ (2003)
- Prasad,Rashmi, "A Corpus Study of Zero Pronouns in Hindi: An Account based on Centering Transition Preferences", In Prodeedings of Discourse Anaphora and Reference Resolution Conference (DAARC). (2000)
- Raposo,E, "On the Null Objects in European Portuguese", in Studies in Romance Linguistics, Foris Dordrecht (1986)
- Rizzi,L, "Null Objects in Italian and the Theory of pro", Linguistic Inquiry, 17 (1986)
- Ruangjaroon, Sugunya, "Thai Wh-adjuncts", Srinakharinwirot University, ~ (2000)
- Rutten,N.C.M.A, "Inversión en Oraciones Interrogativas Españolas Un Estudio sobre la Accesibilidad de la GU para Estudiantes de Español cuya Lengua Materna es el Holandés", 석사, pp.1995
- Shim, Sang-Wan, "Comparative Study on pro-drop - Pedagogical Approach-", Revista Iberoamericana, 14, pp.113~132 (2003)
- Takahashi,Daiko, "Movement of Wh-phrases in Japanese", Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 11, pp.655~678 (1993)
- Teeter,Karl v, "The main feature of Malecite-Passamaquoddy Grammar. In Studies in American Indian languages" (1973), University of California Press
- Watanabe, Akira, "Wh-in-situ languages. In The Handbook of Contemporary Syntactic Theory", pp.203~225 (2001), Blackwell
- Xu,L, "Free Empty Category", Linguistic Inquiry, 17, pp.75~93 (1986)