심장과 혀의 갈등: 셰익스피어에 나타난 현대적 자아에 대한 새로운 인식
Conflicts between Heart and Tongue: A New Perception of the Modern Self in Shakespeare
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At the end of King Lear Edgar emphatically says, “Speak what we feel, not what we ought to say.” His emphasis on feeling, emotion, and passion could be identified with the contemporary Protestant theologians’ new concern with sincerity. In the religio-political circumstances of the Reformation, however, it was highly dangerous for the contemporary people to express their convictions or inner thoughts in public. The ideal of sincerity was earnestly wished for by the contemporary Protestant people living in the difficult climate of the Reformation. For the majority of the people, however, it was a goal hardly to be achieved in their public lives. For the most part they lived compromised social lives. Despite this negotiation, the ethical imperative for sincerity was urgent enough to make them acutely aware of conflicts between heart and tongue which gave rise to a new perception of the modern self. This paper discusses how the Reformation contributed to the shaping of a new perception of the modern self by examining evidence from Shakespeare’s drama as one of the most representative literary documents of the time. The main character in this discussion is Hamlet, who acutely feels the conflicts between heart and tongue. Having a faulty and limited heart, which has not the likeness between God and man any more, Hamlet tries to achieve the ideal of sincerity which has supremacy over that of prudence degraded into the strategy of manners at the time. This paper draws attention to the tensions between the two ideals as the locus where a new perception of the modern self emerges amid the socio-political pressure of the Reformation.
Abstract
At the end of King Lear Edgar emphatically says, “Speak what we feel, not what we ought to say.” His emphasis on feeling, emotion, and passion could be identified with the contemporary Protestant theologians’ new concern with sincerity. In the religio-political circumstances of the Reformation, however, it was highly dangerous for the contemporary people to express their convictions or inner thoughts in public. The ideal of sincerity was earnestly wished for by the contemporary Protestant people living in the difficult climate of the Reformation. For the majority of the people, however, it was a goal hardly to be achieved in their public lives. For the most part they lived compromised social lives. Despite this negotiation, the ethical imperative for sincerity was urgent enough to make them acutely aware of conflicts between heart and tongue which gave rise to a new perception of the modern self. This paper discusses how the Reformation contributed to the shaping of a new perception of the modern self by examining evidence from Shakespeare’s drama as one of the most representative literary documents of the time. The main character in this discussion is Hamlet, who acutely feels the conflicts between heart and tongue. Having a faulty and limited heart, which has not the likeness between God and man any more, Hamlet tries to achieve the ideal of sincerity which has supremacy over that of prudence degraded into the strategy of manners at the time. This paper draws attention to the tensions between the two ideals as the locus where a new perception of the modern self emerges amid the socio-political pressure of the Reformation.
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