과산화수소로 유도된 SH-SY5Y 신경세포 손상에 대한 인삼 열매 추출물의 보호 효과
Neuroprotective Effects of Korean Ginseng Berry against Hydrogen Peroxide- induced Oxidative Damage in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells
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Background: Studies on the efficacy of ginseng have focused on the ginseng root. Recently, research on ginseng berries has expanded, revealing its efficacy in liver disease, obesity, and diabe- tes. This study aimed to examine the neuroprotective effects of Korean ginseng berry (KGB) extract on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Methods and Results: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, reac- tive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and protein expression analysis were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity and inhibition of apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. KGB pretreatment reduced ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by H2O2-mediated apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, while also inhibiting Bax upregulation, Bcl-2 downregulation, and caspase-3 activation. Moreover, KGB treatment increased the activity of anti- oxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase and decreased the malondialdehyde content. Conclusions: This study found that KGB protected human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells from H2O2-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. Based on these find- ings, KGB may be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and treating neurodegenerative dis- eases and other disorders associated with oxidative stress.
Abstract
Background: Studies on the efficacy of ginseng have focused on the ginseng root. Recently, research on ginseng berries has expanded, revealing its efficacy in liver disease, obesity, and diabe- tes. This study aimed to examine the neuroprotective effects of Korean ginseng berry (KGB) extract on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Methods and Results: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, reac- tive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and protein expression analysis were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity and inhibition of apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. KGB pretreatment reduced ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by H2O2-mediated apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, while also inhibiting Bax upregulation, Bcl-2 downregulation, and caspase-3 activation. Moreover, KGB treatment increased the activity of anti- oxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase and decreased the malondialdehyde content. Conclusions: This study found that KGB protected human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells from H2O2-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. Based on these find- ings, KGB may be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and treating neurodegenerative dis- eases and other disorders associated with oxidative stress.
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