Given-before-new and theory of mind in English-acquiring children
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This study investigates whether the Given-before-New principle develops in tandem with Theory of Mind (ToM) in native-English-acquiring children. In native adult speech, given information tends to precede new information. Some research suggests that young children do not show adult-like use of the Given-before-New principle because of not having mastered ToM. The present study experimentally tests the relation between the two, in addition to adherence to the Given-before-New principle in English-acquiring children, focusing on the English dative alternation. The results indicate that children show an apparent syntactic bias toward the prepositional dative and a strong dispreference for the New–Given double object dative, which overrides the Given-before-New principle. Analysis of individual consistency shows that some children who have knowledge of ToM adhere to the Given-before-New principle, but children who lack knowledge of ToM do not. Thus, this study suggests that the Given-before-New principle emerges after the development of ToM in native-English-speaking children.
Abstract
This study investigates whether the Given-before-New principle develops in tandem with Theory of Mind (ToM) in native-English-acquiring children. In native adult speech, given information tends to precede new information. Some research suggests that young children do not show adult-like use of the Given-before-New principle because of not having mastered ToM. The present study experimentally tests the relation between the two, in addition to adherence to the Given-before-New principle in English-acquiring children, focusing on the English dative alternation. The results indicate that children show an apparent syntactic bias toward the prepositional dative and a strong dispreference for the New–Given double object dative, which overrides the Given-before-New principle. Analysis of individual consistency shows that some children who have knowledge of ToM adhere to the Given-before-New principle, but children who lack knowledge of ToM do not. Thus, this study suggests that the Given-before-New principle emerges after the development of ToM in native-English-speaking children.
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