한국어 관형사와 형용사 범주에 대한 연구 ― 체계적 품사론을 위하여 ―

Abstract

Korean grammar has preserved a specific or awkward category(=part of speech), which has been called ‘관형사kwanhyeongsa’. This category is claimed to be distinguished from the category ‘형용사adjective’, which, in fact, refers to the descriptive or subjective verb. The terms ‘어근명사(root noun?)’, ‘형성소(formative)’ etc. seem to be logically derived from the category ‘관형사’. This is the current state of affairs of Korean grammar. This article aims at looking into Korean grammarians' epistemology. To do this, I posed some problems concerning the grammatical terminologies ‘관형사’ and ‘형용사’. And then I traced the origin of the terminologies from a perspective of “archeology of knowledge”, which is invoked from Michel Foucault, the contemporary thinker. In result, we can draw some conclusions. Firstly, Korean grammar has been directly or indirectly influenced from the modern Japanese grammar's system of translations. In that course, there remain some inconsistencies. Secondly, the category ‘관형사’ is nothing but other name of the adjective of attributive usage, and has nothing to do with the grammatical category ‘article’. Thirdly, a big part of the so-called ‘어근명사’ have to be re-analysed as the category adjective of predicative usage. Finally, the traditionally used ‘형용사’ has to be replaced by 'verb', at least for the better consistent frame of Korean grammar.