Morphosyntactic integration of multi-word sequences in Korean-Swedish intrasentential code-switching
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Abstract
This article examines the universal applicability of one of the best-known grammatical models in the literature of code-switching, Poplack’s two-constraint model, with reference to Korean-Swedish multi-word code-switching. The data consist of recordings of spontaneous adult, child and family conversations among Koreans residing in Sweden.Linguistic analysis reveals that the majority of multi-word sequences in Swedish (i.e. prototypical code-switches) are morphologically or morphosyntactically integrated into Korean sentences, just like single words (i.e. prototypical borrowings) are. Several important points are derived from this fact. Firstly, the cross-linguistic validity of the two-constraint model is called into question. Secondly, the distinction between multi-word sequences and single words from the other language appears less clear. Thirdly, the distinction between code-switching and borrowing cannot be made on the basis of morphosyntactic integration. Finally, code-switching and borrowing are not two discrete entities or two different processes, but they are the result of the same morphosyntactic processes.
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