충남지역 대학생들의 한국어 단모음 포먼트 분석
A Formant Analysis of the Korean Monophthongs of the College Students Speaking Chungnam Dialect
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Abstract
This paper examines the characteristics of 8 Korean monophthongs that are collected from the male and female college students born and raised in Chungnam province. Three technical parameters are used to describe the vowel backness, the Euclidean distance between vowels, and the degree of lip rounding. The first parameter, the difference between F1 and F2(∆[F2-F1]), can possibly be used to estimate the degree of vowel backness(or frontness) in case of rounded back vowels. The second one, the Euclidean distance between two vowel coordinates in X-Y dimension(here, F1-F2 space), gives a brief idea about the size and shape of vowel triangle comprised of cardinal [i], [a], and [u]. Finally, the last one, the vowel scaling factor which is originated from Fant(1960), shows the relative degree of lip rounding as a ratio. The anatomical difference between male and female speakers was accounted for in terms of Yang(1991)’s normalization method. The final results are summarized as follows: In vowel space, [에]([e]) & [애]([ɛ]) were observed to be acoustically merged for both male’s and female’s, respectively. [오]([o]) & [우]([u]) were discriminated by F2 difference, which is quite different from the fact that those of Standard Koreans are identified by the F1 difference. T-test shows that male [아]([a]) is observed to be more back and higher than that of female’s, while male [우]([u]) is more front and lower than that of female’s(excluding [으]([ɯ])). Male has longer [이-아]([i-a]) Euclidean distance than female by the ratio of 1.16, while female has longer [아-우]([a-u]) distance by the ratio of 1.15. The distance between [이]([i]) and [우]([u]) seems to be almost the same between male and female.
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