한국어 문장 통사 연구: 문법적 관계 ‘귀속’
A Study on the Grammatical Relation of Ascription in Korean
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The purpose of this paper is to establish a grammatical relation of ‘ascription’ in Korean Sentential syntax, and to provide several characteristic features of the grammatical construction defined in terms of the relation. This grammatical relation, named as “ascription”, serves as a representational principle of sentence-structuring in Korean. And the two immediate constituents under the ascription relation are syntactically related with each other such that a message event, which is expressed in the constituent of “acriptive”, is ascribed to a topic, which may be expressed as “topic expression” in the sentence. Importantly, the topic is selected, not among event participants, but among discourse participants, viz. the speaker, the hearer, and (anaphoric or deictic) third parties. The current paper emphasizes that the topic, essentially discourse-oriented notion, is represented in the Korean sentence as a syntactic constituent, which means that, once it is actualized and realized as a topic expression in the sentence, the topic occupies its own structural position. In other words, the notion of topic is NOT an element of pragmatically structured proposition in Korean. On the other, several arguments are made against the traditionally recognized assumption on the organizational/structuring principle of Korean sentences, viz. the principle of predication: (1) absence of obligatory subject-verb agreemental expressions, (2) absence of consistent expression of the greammatical function of subject, (3) existence of so-called “redundant” constituents that are not subcategorized (entailed) by the predicate-verb, selective appearance in sentences of subcategorized arguments, thus nullifying the distinction between arguments and adjuncts in Korean syntax, and (5) no realizational means of expression for the semantic role.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to establish a grammatical relation of ‘ascription’ in Korean Sentential syntax, and to provide several characteristic features of the grammatical construction defined in terms of the relation. This grammatical relation, named as “ascription”, serves as a representational principle of sentence-structuring in Korean. And the two immediate constituents under the ascription relation are syntactically related with each other such that a message event, which is expressed in the constituent of “acriptive”, is ascribed to a topic, which may be expressed as “topic expression” in the sentence. Importantly, the topic is selected, not among event participants, but among discourse participants, viz. the speaker, the hearer, and (anaphoric or deictic) third parties. The current paper emphasizes that the topic, essentially discourse-oriented notion, is represented in the Korean sentence as a syntactic constituent, which means that, once it is actualized and realized as a topic expression in the sentence, the topic occupies its own structural position. In other words, the notion of topic is NOT an element of pragmatically structured proposition in Korean. On the other, several arguments are made against the traditionally recognized assumption on the organizational/structuring principle of Korean sentences, viz. the principle of predication: (1) absence of obligatory subject-verb agreemental expressions, (2) absence of consistent expression of the greammatical function of subject, (3) existence of so-called “redundant” constituents that are not subcategorized (entailed) by the predicate-verb, selective appearance in sentences of subcategorized arguments, thus nullifying the distinction between arguments and adjuncts in Korean syntax, and (5) no realizational means of expression for the semantic role.
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