초음파 진동이 알루미늄 합금의 마찰 마모 특성에 미치는 영향

Abstract

Ultrasonic waves are used in various applications in multiple devices, sensors, and high-power machinery, such as processing machines, welders, and cleaners, because the acoustic vibration frequencies are above the human audible frequency range. In ultrasonic machining, electrical energy at a high frequency of 20 kHz or more is converted into mechanical vibration by a vibrator and an amplifier. This technique allows instantaneous separation between a tool and a workpiece during machining, machining by pulse impulse force at the time of re-contact and minimizes the minute elastic deformations of the workpiece and machine tools due to the cutting effect. The Al7075 alloy used in this study is a typical aluminum alloy with superior strength that is mainly used in aircrafts, automobiles, and sporting goods. To investigate the optimal conditions for machining aluminum alloy using ultrasonic vibration, the present experiment utilized the Taguchi orthogonal array method, and the coefficient of friction was analyzed using the characteristics of the Taguchi technique. In ultrasonic friction and abrasion tests, the changes in the friction coefficient were measured in the absence of ultrasonic vibrations and at 28 kHz and 40 kHz. As a result, the most considerable influence on the friction coefficient was found to be the normal load, and the frequency of ultrasonic vibrations increases, the coefficient of friction increases. It was thus confirmed that the amount of wear increases when ultrasonic vibration is applied.