방위 및 알베도에 의한 수직 양면형 PV 시스템의 발전성능 비교·분석

Abstract

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are typically installed with a tilt angle equal to the latitude of the installation site and oriented toward the south to maximize electrical power generation. However, as the proportion of PV systems installed in the south-facing orientation increases, power generation becomes concentrated in short periods, leading to unstable power system operation. To address this issue, interest in east-west-oriented PV systems has grown, as they distribute peak generation times more evenly than south-facing systems. However, east-west PV systems generate less annual power than south-facing systems with the same capacity. Bifacial PV modules have been used to compensate for this drawback. Bifacial PV systems are influenced by installation conditions, such as ground reflectance (albedo) and azimuth, which should be considered during system design. In this study, the variation in power generation owing to changes in azimuth and albedo was quantitatively analyzed through PVsyst simulations for a vertical bifacial PV system. The simulation results indicated that under the lowest albedo condition of 0.2, the annual cumulative power generation of the east-west PV system was approximately 2.27% lower than that of the north-south PV system. However, peak power generation was effectively distributed between 10:00 AM and 2:00 PM. Additionally, when the albedo increased from 0.2 to 0.8, the annual cumulative power generation of the east-west and west-east PV systems increased by up to 78%, surpassing that of the north-south PV system by approximately 0.3%.