Computational fluid dynamics analysis for basement ventilation in case of a fire
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The basement parking lot, which provides a certain number of car spaces for users, is an effective solution for parking in crowded cities. The required ventilation system design is generally based on the number of air changes per hour, provided by local authority standards. An appropriately designed ventilation system plays an important role in ensuring a safe environment for people in case of a fire. This study aims to establish the smoke spread behavior and tenability criteria for a car fire in a basement parking lot with a small area of 2,700 m2, by using Autodesk computational fluid dynamics 2019 software. The car-fire growth rate was assumed to be a low t-squared curve. For numerical analysis, a steady-state fire was adopted at the sixth minute of the curve. The completely developed heat release rate of the car fire was 4 MW. Two common ventilation systems–a ductwork system and a combined impulse and ductwork system–were used for the simulation. The ventilation system was designed to extract 10 air changes per hour. The results suggested that the two ventilation systems guarantee a safe route for evacuation through the ramp. Besides, the ductwork ventilation system performs better at preventing the smoke from spreading, as compared to the combined ventilation system, during 6 min after ignition.
Abstract
The basement parking lot, which provides a certain number of car spaces for users, is an effective solution for parking in crowded cities. The required ventilation system design is generally based on the number of air changes per hour, provided by local authority standards. An appropriately designed ventilation system plays an important role in ensuring a safe environment for people in case of a fire. This study aims to establish the smoke spread behavior and tenability criteria for a car fire in a basement parking lot with a small area of 2,700 m2, by using Autodesk computational fluid dynamics 2019 software. The car-fire growth rate was assumed to be a low t-squared curve. For numerical analysis, a steady-state fire was adopted at the sixth minute of the curve. The completely developed heat release rate of the car fire was 4 MW. Two common ventilation systems–a ductwork system and a combined impulse and ductwork system–were used for the simulation. The ventilation system was designed to extract 10 air changes per hour. The results suggested that the two ventilation systems guarantee a safe route for evacuation through the ramp. Besides, the ductwork ventilation system performs better at preventing the smoke from spreading, as compared to the combined ventilation system, during 6 min after ignition.
참고문헌 (13)
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