중소기업의 학습조직화와 조직구조특성의 관계
The Relationship between Building a learning organization and Characteristics of Organizational Structure in Small and Medium Businesses
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이 연구의 목적은 중소기업의 학습조직화와 조직구조 특성과의 관계를 구명하는데 있었다. 이 연구의 모집단은 2006년 노동부와 한국산업인력공단이 추진하는 ‘중소기업 학습조직화 지원사업’에 참여한 101개 중소기업 중 학습조직화 사업에 참여한 HRD담당자 및 근로자 4,200명이며, 이 가운데 사전에 설문조사를 협조해 준 40개 기업의 504명의 관계자들을 조사대상자로 최종적으로 선정하였다. 자료 수집은 우편조사와 방문조사를 통해 이루어졌으며, 최종분석에는 364부가 활용되었다. 자료 수집을 위한 조사도구로는 학습조직화 척도, 조직구조 특성척도, 학습조직화 지원사업의 만족도 척도, 중소기업 및 학습조직화 관계자의 일반적 특성 척도가 포함되었다. 학습조직화 척도는 Watkins와 Marsick(1997)의 DLOQ, 조직구조 특성 척도는 전문화(정성희, 2004), 공식화(이정호, 2005), 집권화(김민철, 2001) 특성을 각각 측정하는 척도로 구성하였다. 학습조직화 지원사업의 만족도 척도는 연구자가 개발한 것으로 학습조직화 지원사업의 10가지 영역에 대한 실시여부 및 만족도를 측정하는 항목으로 구성되었다. 이 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중소기업의 학습조직화 수준은 평균적으로 보통이상이다(평균 4.0). 둘째, 중소기업의 조직구조 전문화, 공식화, 집권화 특성은 모두 5점 만점 중 3점 정도로 보통 이상이다. 셋째, 중소기업의 학습조직화는 조직구조의 전문화 및 공식화 특성과는 정적인 상관관계가 있으나 집권화 특성과는 부적 상관관계가 있다. 넷째, 학습조직화 지원사업의 만족도는 중소기업의 학습조직화와 조직구조 특성과의 관계에 불완전한 매개효과를 가진다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between building a learning organization and characteristics of organizational structure in small and medium businesses. The study is based on 4,200 employees from 101 small and medium businesses that participated in the 'Building a Learning Organization Project 2006' supported by Ministry of Labor and HRD Service of Korea. A questionnaire was composed of DLOQ (Watkins & Marsick, 1997), and characteristics of organizational structure scales are specialization, formalization, and centralization. 504 sets were sent and 364 sets were returned from 29 companies (return rate 72.2%). The major findings of this study are the following: First, the level of building a learning organization in small and medium businesses is above the average. Also the levels of building a learning organization in wholesale, retail trade and construct business are higher in manufacturing businesses, while less than 50 employee companies appear at the higher level in over 300 employees of small and medium businesses. Second, the level of specialization, formalization, and centralization which consist of the characteristics of organizational structure are above the average. Third, the level of building a learning organization in companies has a substantial positive correlation with specialization, and formalization of the organizational structure but a moderate positive correlation with centralization. Fourth, the degree of satisfaction on building a learning organization in 2006 had an indirect effect to the level of building a learning organization.
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