임플란트 경부 미세나사 디자인이 치밀골의 스트레인에 미치는 영향
Influence of microthread design on marginal cortical bone strain developement: A finite element analysis
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연구 목적: 이 연구는 임플란트 식립 시 미세나사가 변연골에 발생시키는 스트레인을 조사하여, 변연골의 골유착에 장애를 줄 수 있는 골의 과부하 영역 이 미세나사에 의해 확장되는 양태를 평가하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 3종의 임플란트 식립 모델을 삼차원적 유한 요소분석으로 실험하였다. 대조 모델은 미세나사가 없이 주나사만 있는 4.1 × 10 mm 임플란트 (Submerged model, Dentis Co, Daegu, Korea), type I은 미세나사가 있는 straight body, type II는 미세나사가 있는 7% tapered body로 설정하였다. 임플란트가 치밀골을 통과하는 3,600 단계의 식립 과정이 모사되었다. 유한요소 해석에는PC용으로 출시된DEFORMTM 3D (ver 5, SFTC, Columbus, OH, USA)가 사용되었다. 결과: 임플란트 외벽으로부터 1 mm 이내의 변연골 스트레인 영역은 대조모델에서의 4000 μ-strain 보다 높았다. Type I 임플란트의 경우 임플란트 외벽으로부터 1 - 1.5 mm 영역 이내의 인접골이 과부하 영역에 속하였고, type II 임플란트의 경우에는 2 mm 이상이었다. 결론: 미세나사의 유무와 몸체의 테이퍼 유무에 따라 변연골 스트레인은 직접적인 영향을 받았고 대조모델에 비해 경부 미세나사가 있는 type I 및 type II 임플란트의 식립시 변연골의 과부하 영역이 월등히 컸다.
Abstract
Purpose: The present study was aimed to evaluate the level of cortical bone strain during the placement of an implant. The primary concern was to investigate if the extent of overloading area near the marginal bone could be affected by microthread fabricated at the cervical 1/3 of an implant. Materials and methods: Three dimensional finite element analysis was used to simulate the insertion of 3 implants. Control model was 4.1 x 10 mm implant (Submerged model, Dentis Co,, Daegu, Korea) equipped with a main thread only. Type I was with main thread and microthread, and Type II had similar thread pattern but was of tapered body. A PC-based finite element software (DEFORM 3D ver 5, SFTC, Columbus, OH, USA) was used to calculate a total of 3,600 steps of analysis, which simulated the whole insertion. Results: Results showed that the strain field in the marginal bone within 1 mm of the implant wall was higher than 4,000 micro-strain in the control model. The size of bone overloading was 1-1.5 mm in Type I, and greater than 2 mm in Type II implants. Conclusion: These results indicate that the marginal bone may be at the risk of resorption on receiving the implant for all 3 implant models studied. Yet, the risk was greater for Type I and Type II implants, which had microthread at the cervical 1/3.
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