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소아 아토피피부염 환부에서의 이차 세균 감염 빈도와 항생제 감수성에 대한 연구

Secondary Skin Infection and Their Sensitivity to Antibiotics in Children's Atopic Dermatitis

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주제분류소아과학

초록

목 적 : 소아에서 아토피피부염의 유병률이 증가함에 따라 그 병인과 병태 생리에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 아토피피부염에서 피부 감염은 그 자체로서, 또는 독소를 분비하여 병변을 악화시키는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자는 소아 아토피피부염 환자에서 이차 피부 감염의 빈도와 항생제에 대한 감수성을 조사하여 적절한 항생제의 사용에 도움이 되고자 본 연구를 시행하였다.방 법 : 2003년 6월부터 2004년 8월까지 순천향대학교병원 소아과 알레르기 클리닉을 방문한 중등도 이상의 아토피피부염 환자 중 피부도말검사를 실시한 218명을 대상으로 피부 감염의 빈도와 항생제 감수성 검사, MIC 검사를 시행하였으며, 총 IgE치, 호산구수, 원인 항원 특이 IgE치를 비교하였다.결 과 : 연령 분포는 1세 미만 28명(12.8%), 1-3세가 64명(29.4%), 4-6세가 63명(28.9%), 7세 이상이 63명(28.9%)이었으며, 총 218명 중 55.5%인 121명에서 균이 배양되었다. 배양된 균주로는 S. aureus가 85례(70.2%), S. epidermidis가 22례(18.2%) 순이었다. 소수의 다른 균주들과 같이 배양된 경우도 있었다. S. aureus에 대해서는 penicillin과 ampicillin에 높은 내성률을 보였으며, amoxicillin/clavulanate, 1세대 및 2세대 cephalosporin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, imipenem에는 비교적 높은 감수성을, 그리고 rifampin, vancomycin과 teicoplanin에 대한 내성 균주는 없었다. S. epidermidis도 역시 penicillin과 ampicillin에 95%의 고도 내성률을 보였고, 일부 1세대 cephalosporin에도 높은 내성을 보였으며, erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, imipenem 등에는 비교적 높은 감수성을 보였다. Rifampin, vancomycin과 teicoplanin에 내성을 보이는 균주는 없었다. MIC 검사를 시행한 40례 중 methicillin resistant S. aureus는 4례이었다. 한편, 배양검사 양성인 경우에서 음성인 경우보다 혈청 총 IgE치와 혈중 호산구수가 의미 있게 높아 아토피 성향과 관계가 있었다.

Abstract

Purpose : Our study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of secondary skin infection in patients with atopic dermatitis and their sensitivity to antibiotics for appropriate choice of antibiotics. Methods : We studied skin culture and their sensitivity results for 218 patients who visited to pediatric allergy clinic from June 2003 to August 2004. After determining minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of antibiotics from randomly selected 40 cases of them, we compared the result with previous data. Results : Age distribution was as follows; 28 cases(12.8%) were under 1 year old, 64 cases(29.4%) were 1 to 3 years old, 63 cases(28.9%) were 4 to 6 years old, and 63 cases (28.9%) were over 7 years old. 121 cases(55.5%) of 218 cases were found to have secondary skin infection. The most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus; 85 cases, 70.2%). The next was Staphylococcus epidermides(S. epidermidis; 22 cases, 18.2%). S. aureus were highly resistant to ampicillin and penicillin, but were relatively highly sensitive to 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporin, gentamicin, and erythromycin. To teicoplanin and vancomycin, they were entirely sensitive. On the other hand, S. epidermidis was highly resistant to 1st generation cephalosporin in addition to ampicillin and penicillin. Moreover, α- and β-hemolytic streptococcus, which were co-infected with S. aureus, showed highly resistance to ampicillin, oxacillin and cephalosporin. In MIC test, methicillin-resistant S. aureus were found in 4 cases. Conclusion : Skin culture, sensitivity test and the appropriate choice of antibiotics might be important to control secondary skin infection and atopic dermatitis.

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