신경경제학과 정신의학 : 정량적 방법론의 적용
Neuroeconomics and Psychiatry : Application of Quantitative Methodology
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초록
Neuroeconomics is an interdisciplinary field that seeks to explain human decision making using acombination of research methods from neuroscience, (behavioral) economics, and cognitive andsocial psychology. With recent advances in functional neuroimaging and computing power, neuroeconomicssuggests the possibility of examining psychopathology using a quantitative modelbased on objective metrics. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the theory of neuroeconomicsand to review the literature on its application to psychiatric research. First, the concept ofutility function in economic decision theory can be used to explain depressive symptoms with regardto lack of interest in money. Second, differences in attitudes toward uncertainty and risksuggest that avolition and anhedonia can be expected to reduce the influence of uncertainty ondecision making. Third, some parametrically varied values of delay discounting show the relationof discounted value to risk of addiction. Finally, economic game theory can provide a model includingsocial factors to address psychiatric conditions ; thus, it provides a useful framework forthe current diagnostic classification systems for consideration of interpersonal factors. We expectthat conduct of more interdisciplinary research in neuroeconomics and psychiatry will clarifydiagnosis and contribute to the description of psychiatric disorders.
Abstract
Neuroeconomics is an interdisciplinary field that seeks to explain human decision making using acombination of research methods from neuroscience, (behavioral) economics, and cognitive andsocial psychology. With recent advances in functional neuroimaging and computing power, neuroeconomicssuggests the possibility of examining psychopathology using a quantitative modelbased on objective metrics. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the theory of neuroeconomicsand to review the literature on its application to psychiatric research. First, the concept ofutility function in economic decision theory can be used to explain depressive symptoms with regardto lack of interest in money. Second, differences in attitudes toward uncertainty and risksuggest that avolition and anhedonia can be expected to reduce the influence of uncertainty ondecision making. Third, some parametrically varied values of delay discounting show the relationof discounted value to risk of addiction. Finally, economic game theory can provide a model includingsocial factors to address psychiatric conditions ; thus, it provides a useful framework forthe current diagnostic classification systems for consideration of interpersonal factors. We expectthat conduct of more interdisciplinary research in neuroeconomics and psychiatry will clarifydiagnosis and contribute to the description of psychiatric disorders.
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