한국전쟁과 부산 금융의 변화

Abstract

This article analyzes the changes of finance in Busan with focusing on deposits and loans from 1945, after the liberation, to 1960. The financial data of Busan during this period have been rarely left, due to the lack of concern about the regional economy. That is why this article applies an indirect method to compare the data of Busan with those of major cities, such as Seoul, Daegu, etc. and the whole country. The deposits and the loans of banks in Korea increased to several thousand times during this period in terms of the variable price. Converted into the constant price, however, it is at the end of the 1950s or in the 1960s that the deposits and the loans of Seoul and the whole country recovered the levels of 1945. Compared with this, Busan shows a most dramatic change that, taking the Korean War as a turning point, it had already restored to the levels of 1945 in 1951 and it was radically given much more weight in the deposits and the loans of the whole country than before the War. Even after the armistice in 1953, Busan still kept a high level, in spite of a gradual decrease of weight. This reflects that Gyeong- Bu(Seoul-Busan) growth axis was strengthened because of the Korean War, which is closely related with the fact that the second industry, such as rubber, textiles, lumber and so on, was developed in Busan.