경도인지장애 선별 평가를 위한 가상현실 인지기능평가의 개발: 예비 연구
Development of Virtual Reality Neurocognitive Test for Mild Cognitive Impairment: Preliminary Study
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objectives Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is known to have a high rate of progression to Alzheimer’s disease. Early detection and intervention of MCI are of great interest in psychiatric and socioeconomic aspects. There are various screening tools for MCI, but their sensitivity and specificity vary greatly. This study assessed the usefulness of virtual reality (VR) neurocognitive tests as an assessment tool for neurocognitive function deficit in MCI. Methods Both VR neurocognitive tests and conventional neurocognitive tests, including Mini- Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB), were conducted, and 21 participants completed the tests. The test results of the MCI and normal groups were compared, and correlation coefficients between the VR neurocognitive tests and SNSB were examined. Results The mean VR neurocognitive test total score of the MCI participants was significantly lower than that of normal participants (30.0±1.0 vs. 36.9±6.4; p<0.001). There were no significant differences in the SNSB, MMSE, and MoCA scores between the two groups. The VR neurocognitive total score correlated significantly with the MMSE, MoCA, and SNSB total scores (r=0.61, r=0.54, r=0.50, respectively; p<0.05). The scores of the subdomains of VR neurocognitive tests showed significant correlations with those of MMSE, MoCA, and subdomains of SNSB, with VR executive function and visuospatial function scores showing significant correlations with the SNSB executive function (r=0.46; p<0.05) and visuospatial function (r=0.60; p<0.01) scores, respectively. Conclusion This preliminary study suggests that the VR neurocognitive test can be a feasible and realistic tool for assessing the subtle but complex cognitive deficits in MCI, emphasizing spatial reasoning and executive functions.
Abstract
Objectives Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is known to have a high rate of progression to Alzheimer’s disease. Early detection and intervention of MCI are of great interest in psychiatric and socioeconomic aspects. There are various screening tools for MCI, but their sensitivity and specificity vary greatly. This study assessed the usefulness of virtual reality (VR) neurocognitive tests as an assessment tool for neurocognitive function deficit in MCI. Methods Both VR neurocognitive tests and conventional neurocognitive tests, including Mini- Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB), were conducted, and 21 participants completed the tests. The test results of the MCI and normal groups were compared, and correlation coefficients between the VR neurocognitive tests and SNSB were examined. Results The mean VR neurocognitive test total score of the MCI participants was significantly lower than that of normal participants (30.0±1.0 vs. 36.9±6.4; p<0.001). There were no significant differences in the SNSB, MMSE, and MoCA scores between the two groups. The VR neurocognitive total score correlated significantly with the MMSE, MoCA, and SNSB total scores (r=0.61, r=0.54, r=0.50, respectively; p<0.05). The scores of the subdomains of VR neurocognitive tests showed significant correlations with those of MMSE, MoCA, and subdomains of SNSB, with VR executive function and visuospatial function scores showing significant correlations with the SNSB executive function (r=0.46; p<0.05) and visuospatial function (r=0.60; p<0.01) scores, respectively. Conclusion This preliminary study suggests that the VR neurocognitive test can be a feasible and realistic tool for assessing the subtle but complex cognitive deficits in MCI, emphasizing spatial reasoning and executive functions.
참고문헌 (39)
- The Lancet Neurology, "WHO has a dementia plan, now we need action", Lancet Neurol, 16, pp.571~ (2017)
- Petersen RC, "Clinical practice. Mild cognitive impairment", N Engl J Med, 364, pp.2227~2234 (2011)
- Busse A, "Mild cognitive impairment : long-term course of four clinical subtypes", Neurology, 67, pp.2176~2185 (2006)
- Manly JJ, "Frequency and course of mild cognitive impairment in a multiethnic community", Ann Neurol, 63, pp.494~506 (2008)
- 심용수, "Literacy Independent Cognitive Assessment: Assessing Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults with Low Literacy Skills", PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION, 12(3), pp.341~348 (2015), 대한신경정신의학회[DOI]
- Seo EH, "Total scores of the CERAD neuropsychological assessment battery : validation for mild cognitive impairment and dementia patients with diverse etiologies", Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 18, pp.801~809 (2010)
- 안현정, "Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery-Dementia Version (SNSB-D): A Useful Tool for Assessing and Monitoring Cognitive Impairments in Dementia Patients", Journal of Korean Medical Science, 25(7), pp.1071~1076 (2010), 대한의학회
- Teng E, "Utility of the functional activities questionnaire for distinguishing mild cognitive impairment from very mild Alzheimer disease", Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 24, pp.348~353 (2010)
- Brown PJ, "Functional impairment in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer disease", Arch Gen Psychiatry, 68, pp.617~626 (2011)
- Albert MS, "The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer’s disease", Alzheimers Dement, 7, pp.270~279 (2011)
- Bae JN, "Development of the Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale and its short form among elderly psychiatric patients", J Psychosom Res, 57, pp.297~305 (2004)
- Lonie JA, "Screening for mild cognitive impairment : a systematic review", Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 24, pp.902~915 (2009)
- Kurtz MM, "A virtual reality apartment as a measure of medication management skills in patients with schizophrenia : a pilot study", Schizophr Bull, 33, pp.1162~1170 (2007)
- Choi IS, "Computerized assessment of neurocognitive function for traumatic brain injury patients", J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc, 37, pp.306~317 (1998)
- Parsons TD, "Virtual environment for assessment of neurocognitive functioning : virtual reality cognitive performance assessment test", Stud Health Technol Inform, 132, pp.351~356 (2008)
- Tarnanas I, "Ecological validity of virtual reality daily living activities screening for early dementia : longitudinal study", JMIR Serious Games, 1, pp.e1~ (2013)
- Tarnanas I, "Can a novel computerized cognitive screening test provide additional information for early detection of Alzheimer’s disease?", Alzheimers Dement, 10, pp.790~798 (2014)
- 최성혜, "한국판 Global Deterioration Scale의 타당도", 대한신경과학회지, 20(6), pp.612~617 (2002), 대한신경과학회
- 오은아, "치매선별검사로서 K-MMSE의 타당도 연구: 종합적인 신경심리학적 평가와의 비교", Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders(대한치매학회지), 9(1), pp.8~12 (2010), 대한치매학회
- Folstein MF, "“Mini-mental state”: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician", J Psychiatr Res, 12, pp.189~198 (1975)
- Lee JY, "Brief screening for mild cognitive impairment in elderly outpatient clinic : validation of the Korean version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment", J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 21, pp.104~110 (2008)
- Nasreddine ZS, "The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment", J Am Geriatr Soc, 53, pp.695~699 (2005)
- 이애영, "서울신경심리검사-단축형의 지역사회 치매 관리 사업 인지평가도구로써 효용성", 대한신경과학회지, 37(3), pp.277~283 (2019), 대한신경과학회[DOI]
- Jerome A, "9", Geriatric depression scale (GDS) recent evidence and development of a shorter version, 1986, pp.5, 165~173
- Ji Yang Kim, "Standardization of the Korean Version of the Geriatric Depression Scale: Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure", PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION, 5(4), pp.232~238 (2008), 대한신경정신의학회
- 이주열, "우울증상 및 정신건강 보호-취약요인 선별평가를 위한 배터리 평가도구의 개발", 신경정신의학, 60(2), pp.143~157 (2021), 대한신경정신의학회[DOI]
- Plancher G, "Using virtual reality to characterize episodic memory profiles in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease : influence of active and passive encoding", Neuropsychologia, 50, pp.592~602 (2012)
- Hort J, "Spatial navigation deficit in amnestic mild cognitive impairment", Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 104, pp.4042~4047 (2007)
- Hegarty M, "Spatial abilities at different scales : individual differences in aptitudetest performance and spatial-layout learning", Intelligence, 34, pp.151~176 (2006)
- Fischer P, "Conversion from subtypes of mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer dementia", Neurology, 68, pp.288~291 (2007)
- Rountree SD, "Importance of subtle amnestic and nonamnestic deficits in mild cognitive impairment : prognosis and conversion to dementia", Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 24, pp.476~482 (2007)
- Tabert MH, "Neuropsychological prediction of conversion to Alzheimer disease in patients with mild cognitive impairment", Arch Gen Psychiatry, 63, pp.916~924 (2006)
- Brandt J, "Selectivity of executive function deficits in mild cognitive impairment", Neuropsychology, 23, pp.607~618 (2009)
- Sacuiu S, "The pattern of cognitive symptoms predicts time to dementia onset", Alzheimers Dement, 5, pp.199~206 (2009)
- Twamley EW, "Neuropsychological and neuroimaging changes in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease", J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 12, pp.707~735 (2006)
- Johnson DK, "Longitudinal study of the transition from healthy aging to Alzheimer disease", Arch Neurol, 66, pp.1254~1259 (2009)
- Summers MJ, "Neuropsychological measures predict decline to Alzheimer’s dementia from mild cognitive impairment", Neuropsychology, 26, pp.498~508 (2012)
- Chua SIL, "Virtual reality for screening of cognitive function in older persons : comparative study", J Med Internet Res, 21, pp.e14821~ (2019)
- Jin R, "Current cognition tests, potential virtual reality applications, and serious games in cognitive assessment and non-pharmacological therapy for neurocognitive disorders", J Clin Med, 9, pp.3287~ (2020)