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한국 초·중·고등학생 알레르기비염의 전국 유병률과 위험 인자에 대한 분석

The prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis from a nationwide study of Korean elementary, middle, and high school students

김수진|조현주|오경재|김수영|정해관|김유미|하미나|이은|서주희|김환철|범은애|양송이|손미아|홍수종|권지원|이기재|김영호|임신예|강희태|사공준|이철갑|백영욱
대한 소아알레르기 호흡기학회 (The Korean Academy Of Pediatric Allergy And Respiratory Disease)|2015.07|Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease (알레르기 천식 호흡기질환)|제3권 제4호|pp. 272-280|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.4168/aard.2015.3.4.272

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키워드

ChildAllergic rhinitisPrevalenceSensitizationRisk factors
주제분류소아과학

초록

Purpose: We investigated the prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis (AR), nationwide in random children and adolescents of Korea. Methods: A modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire survey was done in 1,820 children from elementary, middle, and high school nationwide in Korea. The subjects were selected by the stratifying sampling method by school grade and five regions. Current AR was defined as having AR symptoms during the last 12 months with a history of physician-diagnosed AR. Skin prick tests for 18 common allergens were performed. Results: The number of males was 945, and that of females was 875. The mean age of the patients was 12.61±3.40 years. The prevalence of current AR and atopic current AR were 29.0% and 18.7%, respectively. Risk factors for current AR were male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.486; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.189–1.856), family history of paternal AR (aOR, 3.208; 95% CI, 2.460–4.182), family history of maternal AR (aOR, 3.138; 95% CI, 2.446–4.025), antibiotic use in infancy (aOR, 1.547; 95% CI, 1.228–1.949), mold exposure during infancy (aOR, 1.416; 95% CI, 1.103–1.819), mold exposure during the last 12 months (aOR, 1.285; 95% CI, 1.012–1.630), and sensitization on skin prick tests (aOR, 2.596; 95% CI, 2.055–3.279). Risk factors for atopic current AR were the same as those of current AR, whereas breast-milk feeding (aOR, 0.720; 95% CI, 0.530–0.976) was a protective factor. Sensitized allergens as risk factors for current AR were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farina, ragweed, mugwort, oak, alder, birch, Japanese hop, cat, and dog. Conclusion: The prevalences of current AR and atopic current AR were 29.0% and 18.7%, respectively. Male, sex parental AR, antibiotic use in infancy, mold exposure during the last 12 months, mold exposure during infancy, and atopic sensitization were risk factors for current AR. Breast-milk feeding was a protective factor for atopic current AR. Aeroallergen sensitization was an important risk factor for AR.

Abstract

Purpose: We investigated the prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis (AR), nationwide in random children and adolescents of Korea. Methods: A modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire survey was done in 1,820 children from elementary, middle, and high school nationwide in Korea. The subjects were selected by the stratifying sampling method by school grade and five regions. Current AR was defined as having AR symptoms during the last 12 months with a history of physician-diagnosed AR. Skin prick tests for 18 common allergens were performed. Results: The number of males was 945, and that of females was 875. The mean age of the patients was 12.61±3.40 years. The prevalence of current AR and atopic current AR were 29.0% and 18.7%, respectively. Risk factors for current AR were male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.486; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.189–1.856), family history of paternal AR (aOR, 3.208; 95% CI, 2.460–4.182), family history of maternal AR (aOR, 3.138; 95% CI, 2.446–4.025), antibiotic use in infancy (aOR, 1.547; 95% CI, 1.228–1.949), mold exposure during infancy (aOR, 1.416; 95% CI, 1.103–1.819), mold exposure during the last 12 months (aOR, 1.285; 95% CI, 1.012–1.630), and sensitization on skin prick tests (aOR, 2.596; 95% CI, 2.055–3.279). Risk factors for atopic current AR were the same as those of current AR, whereas breast-milk feeding (aOR, 0.720; 95% CI, 0.530–0.976) was a protective factor. Sensitized allergens as risk factors for current AR were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farina, ragweed, mugwort, oak, alder, birch, Japanese hop, cat, and dog. Conclusion: The prevalences of current AR and atopic current AR were 29.0% and 18.7%, respectively. Male, sex parental AR, antibiotic use in infancy, mold exposure during the last 12 months, mold exposure during infancy, and atopic sensitization were risk factors for current AR. Breast-milk feeding was a protective factor for atopic current AR. Aeroallergen sensitization was an important risk factor for AR.

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