한국 발전산업의 생산공정 혁신과 SO₂한계저감비용에 관한 실증분석
Empirical Analysis of Production Process Innovation and Marginal Abatement Cost of SO₂ in the Korean Electric Generation Industry
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초록
한계접근법으로 공해저감에 대한 혁신효과를 연구하는 데 있어서 기술혁신은 통상적으로 한계저감비용의 하락을 의미한다. 후처리 기술의 경우에는 일부 공해배출 수준에서 그 개연성을 인정할 수 있으나 생산공정 기술혁신이 일어나면 한계저감비용이 오히려 증가할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내 전력산업을 대상으로 생산공정 기술혁신과 한계저감비용의 증감 여부를 검증하기 위하여 Shephard 산출물거리함수를 사용하여 SO₂한계저감비용과 생산공정 기술변화율을 측정한 다음 두 변수간 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 추정계수의 부호 및 유의성을 검증한 결과 전력 생산공정에서의 기술혁신은 SO₂한계저감비용을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
In the marginal approach for studying innovation's effect on pollution control, innovation is typically considered to reduce marginal abatement costs. It may be admitted that innovation lowers marginal abatement costs at some margins in the case of end-of-pipe measures, but production process innovations are likely to increase marginal abatement costs at all margins. In order to test the relationship between production process innovations and marginal abatement costs in the Korean electric power industry, in this paper, we first estimate marginal abatement cost of SO₂and rate of technological change in production process measures by using the Shephard output distance function. Then the estimates of marginal abatement cost are regressed on the estimates of the rate of production process innovations technological change. Empirical results show that there exists a positive relationship between the two estimates.
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