초등학생의 공격성이 사회적 지위에 미치는 영향: 또래 공동체 의식과 교사 친밀성의 조절효과
An exploration of the effect of aggression on social status in elementary school students : The moderating effect of sense of peer community and teacher closeness
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본 연구는 초등학생을 대상으로 공격성이 지각된 인기 및 사회적 선호에 미치는 영향과 또래 공동체 의식과 교사 친밀성의 조절효과를 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 1수준 학생과 2수준 학급으로 구성된 다층분석을 실시하였다. 학생 수준에서는 성별과 공격성을, 학급 수준에서는 학년, 또래 공동체 의식 그리고 교사 친밀성을 분석모형에 포함하였다. 또한 또래 공동체 의식과 교사 친밀성의 조절효과를 확인하기 위하여 다층분석 모형에 층위 간 상호작용 항을 추가하였다. 연구결과 공격성은 사회적 선호에는 부적인 영향을 미치는 반면 지각된 인기에는 영향을 주지 않았다. 또래 공동체 의식이 높은 학급에서는 공격성에 따라 지각된 인기가 감소하는 반면, 또래 공동체 의식이 낮은 학급에서는 공격성에 따라 지각된 인기가 증가하였다. 공격성이 낮은 아동은 또래 공동체 의식이 높은 학급에서 사회적인 선호가 높았으며, 공격성이 높은 아동의 사회적 선호는 또래 공동체 의식수준과 상관없이 낮았다. 교사 친밀성은 사회적 선호에서만 유의한 조절효과가 나타났다. 교사 친밀성이 높은 학급은 낮은 학급보다 공격성에 따른 사회적 선호의 감소폭이 컸다. 사회적 지위에 따른 공격성의 영향과 학급 맥락 조절효과 차이가 확인되었으며, 긍정적인 학급 맥락 형성을 위한 또래와 교사의 역할을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study examined how aggression affects perceived popularity and social preference and in addition, explored the moderating effect of a sense of peer community and teacher closeness in elementary school students. Multi-level analyses were performed separately on perceived popularity and social preference. The results showed that aggression had a negative effect on social preference, whereas the effect on perceived popularity was not significant. In classes with a high sense of peer community, perceived popularity was lowered as aggression increased; however, in classes with a low sense of peer community, perceived popularity was increased. Children with a low level of aggression were socially preferred in classes with a high sense of peer community, whereas social preference of highly aggressive children was low regardless of levels of a sense of peer community. The moderating effect of teacher closeness was significant only in predicting social preference. Social preference in classes with a high level of teacher closeness decreased more rapidly as aggression increased. This was not true in the classes with a low level of teacher closeness. The effect of aggression on social status was different in class contexts. The class contexts, in particular a sense of peer community and teacher closeness, moderated the relation between aggression and social status. The study suggested a role of peer and teacher for building positive class contexts.
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