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자폐스펙트럼장애 아동 및 청소년의 불안 감소를 위한 국외 중재연구 분석

Review of Interventions Managing Anxiety in Children and Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

이영선|김환희
한국열린교육학회 (The Korea Association of Yeolin Education)|2020.07|열린교육연구 (The Journal of Yeolin Education)|제28권 제3호|pp. 73-92|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.18230/tjye.2020.28.3.73

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anxietyautism불안treatmentsynthesis치료문헌분석자폐범주성장애
주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동 및 청소년을 대상으로 불안을 감소시키기 위해 실시한 국외 중재연구를 검색하였고, 선정기준에 따라 총 19편의 논문들을 분석하였다. 발행 연도, 참여자 특성, 연구방법, 중재프로그램, 종속변인의 측정도구 및 결과들을 바탕으로 분석을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 총 19편의 분석대상 논문 중 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동 및 청소년을 함께 포함하고 있는 연구가 84.2%였다. 둘째, 13편의 연구(68.4%)에서 집단설계 연구방법을 사용하였는데, 그중에서 통제집단 및 비교집단을 활용한 연구가 11편이었다. 셋째, 분석대상 논문에서 적용된 대부분의 중재프로그램들(84.2%)이 CBT (Cognitive Behavior Therapy)를 기반으로 하는 프로그램이었고, 넷째, 중재프로그램의 주요 요소로는 감정에 대한 이해와 대처 전략을 중심으로 한 연구와 사회적 기술 향상을 중심으로 한 연구로 나누어 볼 수 있었다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 바탕으로 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동 및 청소년의 불안 관련 중재프로그램의 양적 증가와 더불어 불안이 발생하는 맥락을 이해하는 질적 연구들의 개발, 각 발달 시기에 적합한 중재요소 적용, 중재프로그램의 다양한 콘텐츠 및 테크놀로지 개발의 필요성 등에 대한 논의가 이루어졌다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to review research trends and existing intervention studies conducted to reduce anxiety for children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders. For this purpose, this study selected 19 studies and systematically analyzed on the basis of the study subject(s), study design, intervention elements, dependent variables, and results. In total 19 studies were analyzed and results indicates that 1) most studies were conducted for children with ASD and youth with ASD together. 2) the most frequently used intervention type was CBT (Cognitive Behavior therapy)-based programs. 3) A majority of studies used two group pre-post design and collected observation data to evaluate intervention effects. 4) The main elements of the intervention were studies centered on understanding for emotion and coping strategies, and studies focused on improving social skills. Based on these findings, discussions and recommendations for further anxiety-related research were provided.

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