중종･명종대 문과정시 시행 연구

Abstract

This study investigates the process of the conduct of Munkwa(文科) Jeongsi(庭試) during King Jungjong's(1506-1544) and Myeonjong's(1544-1567) reigns. Jeongsi refered to the irregular written test of Guasi(課試) during King Jungjong's reign. King Jungjong attempted to promote Gwan･Hak(館･學) by implementing Jeongsi. Furthermore, he implemented Byeolsi(別試) as a civil service examination exclusively for Gwan･Hak's candidates. Initially the courtiers opposed the policy because it was for the minority. They changed their attitude after King Jungjong's 29th year(1534) as they decided to agree that it was good for the promotion of Gwan･Hak. Munkwa Jeongsi in King Jungjong's 37th year(1542) and King Myeongjong's 14th year(1559) was conducted exclusively for Gwan･Hak's candidates. With the addition to these two irregular civil service examinations, Jeongsi had gained another meaning of the civil service examination, in addition to the Guasi as an encouragement test. Though 12 successful candidates in Munkwa Jeongsi in 1559 were much more than the number in 1542, there was not any argument. This was because Munkwa Jeongsi for Gwan･Hak's candidates was accepted as an effective way to promote Gwan･Hak.