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퇴직연금 지급방식 개선에 관한 연구

A Study on the Improvement of Benefit Payment Method in the Korean Occupational Pension

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초록

이 연구는 퇴직연금 급여 지급방식의 개선방안을 검토하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 한국 퇴직연금은 다층노후소득보장의 중요한 한 축으로서 금융시장 활성화 수단에 머무르지 않고 국민연금을 보완하는 실질적인 노후소득보장 기능을 수행할 필요가 있는데, 이를 위한 전제조건으로서 퇴직연금 지급방식이 개선될 필요가 있다. 종신연금 방식이 존재하지 않고 중도인출이나 해지를 통한 퇴직연금 자산의 소진이 광범위하게 허용되는 현재의 퇴직연금은 장수라는 사회적 위험에 대비해야 하는 제도 취지에 맞지 않으며, 퇴직연금 지급방식은 원칙적으로 종신연금 방식으로 이루어져야 한다. 다만, 퇴직연금이 가지는 성격을 고려할 때 급박한 지출요인이 있는 경우 중도인출이나 일시금 지급을 제한적으로 허용할 수 있을 것이다. 우리나라의 경우는 높은 의료비 지출이 그에 해당된다고 볼 수 있는데, 건강보험 본인부담금 비중이 낮추어질 때까지 퇴직연금의 일시금 혹은 중도인출은 유지될 필요가 있다. 주택구입을 위한 용도로의 퇴직연금 자산의 활용은 사적 금융이 제한적인 상황에서는 유용한 방안이었으나, 사적 금융으로의 접근이 용이해진 최근의 상황에서는 그보다는 종신연금을 통한 노후소득보장 방안이 필요하다는 점에서, 주택구입을 위한 퇴직연금 자산의 활용은 점진적으로 제한되어야 할 것이다.

Abstract

This study aims to examine ways to improve benefit payment method in the Korean occupational pension. The Korean occupational pension is an important pillar in the multi-pillar old age income security, and it should not be just a means to revitalize financial market but perform a practical retirement income security function to supplement the National Pension Scheme. The current occupational pension, which does not permit annuity and is widely allowed to exhaust occupational pension assets through early withdrawal or termination, does not fit the purpose of the system to prepare for the social risk of longevity, and in principle, the occupational pension payment method should be done in annuity. However, considering the nature of the occupational pension, if there are urgent expenditure factors, early withdrawal or lump sum payment may be maintained under certain cases. In a situation where the burden of medical expenses is high, lump sum payments or early withdrawals need to be allowed. The use of occupational pension assets for home purchases was useful in limited private finance, but in recent situations where access to private finance has become easier, early withdrawal for home purchases should be gradually restricted.

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