소비자생활협동조합 이사회의 다양성이 성과에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Board Diversity on Performance in Consumer Co-operative
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초록
소비자생활협동조합(이하 생협)은 사업체로 시장이 충족시키지 못하는 조합원의 경제적 이익을 실현하는 목적과 이들의 사회적 욕구실현과 지속 가능한 사회를 위한 결사체로서의 목적을 동시에 갖고 있다. 생협 이사회는 조합원 조직화 및 협력, 경영자에 대한 조언, 지역사회와 연대 등 중요한 역할을 담당하는데, 이사회의 특성에 따라 지역조합의 성과가 달라질 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 민주적으로 선출되는 생협 이사회의 여러 특성 중 다양성에 주목하여 66개 지역 생협 423명의 이사를 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 이사회의 다양성을 연령, 임기, 전공, 기능적 배경으로 살펴보았고, 조직성과는 사회적 성과, 민주적 성과, 운영성과로 나누어 조사하였다. 연구결과 이사회의 연령 다양성은 운영성과에 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤고, 이사회의 기능적 배경 다양성은 사회적 성과, 민주적 성과, 운영성과 모두에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 생협 이사회 선출과 구성에 대한 조합원의 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.
Abstract
Consumer Cooperatives have a dual goal as both business and association. The board members in a cooperative play an important role in collaboration with members, executives. and communities. Naturally, a research question is whether the performance of regional cooperatives depends on the characteristics of the board or not. This study surveyed all regional board directors of regional cooperatives in iCOOP Consumer Cooperative (hereafter iCOOP) in Korea, which consists of 95 regional cooperatives. It then collected a sample of 423 board members in 66 cooperatives. The results revealed that operational performance is lower in a board composed of members who have age diversity. More importantly, it turned out that functional background diversity had positive influences on social, democratic, and operational performance. This study can provide insights to members about the selection and composition of board members in a cooperative.
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