협동조합 특성을 반영하는평가지표 개발을 위한 선행연구 고찰
A Literature Review for the Development of Performance Indicators Reflecting the Co-operative Difference
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초록
이 연구는 선행연구 고찰을 통해 지금까지 제시된 협동조합 평가지표의 특징을 분석하고 추후 협동조합의 특성을 반영하는 평가지표를 개발할 때 참고할 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 이를 위해 협동조합 평가 연구동향을 살펴보고, 17개 연구에 등장하는 협동조합 평가지표들을 분석하였다. 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 협동조합 평가지표들은 사업실적(결과관점), 성장가능성(과정관점) 그리고 정체성 실현 노력(가치관점) 등 세 가지 평가영역으로 나누어 생각해 볼 수 있다. 둘째, 사업실적 평가 영역에서 협동조합의 특성을 반영하는 지표로 출자금 비율과 내부 유보비율을 활용할 수 있다. 셋째, 사업실적 평가는 협동조합 제4원칙(자율과 독립)과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 넷째, 성장가능성 평가지표는 정체성 실현 노력 지표로 보완될 수 있다. 다섯째, 정체성 실현 노력 평가에서 국제사회문제 해결 노력에 대한 평가를 조금 더 강화할 필요가 있다. 여섯째, 협동조합 정체성 실현 노력 평가와 관련하여 일반적인 사회적 가치 평가지표와 구분되는 평가지표 개발 노력이 필요하다. 일곱째, 협동조합 평가지표를 협동조합의 7가지 원칙을 기준으로 하여 개발하면 이 안에 결과관점, 과정관점 그리고 가치관점을 모두 포괄할 수 있다.
Abstract
Through a literature review, this paper attempts to infer implications for extracting co- operative performance indicators. There are seven implications. First, the evaluation scope may involve three performance areas: 1) business performance, 2) growth potential, and 3) efforts to realize the co-operative identity. Second, the business performance is related to the fourth principle of co-operatives. Third, the members’ capital contribution and indivisible reserves may work as co-operative specific indicators when assessing the business performance. Fourth, evaluation indicators for the growth potential may be supplemented from the indicators related to efforts to realize the co-operative identity. Fifth, more attention for evaluating concern for the international community is needed related to efforts to realize the co-operative identity. Sixth, it is necessary to develop evaluation indicators that can clearly demonstrate the co-operative difference to distinguish it from general social impact indicators. Seventh, the seven principles of co-operatives may embrace the three performance areas. Thus it is recommended to develop indicators based on the seven principles. This study is meaningful in that it presents a starting point for the development of performance indicators that can address the co-operative difference.
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