협동조합시민론의 이론모형과 실천쟁점
Theoretical Models and Practical Issues of Cooperative Citizenship Theory
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본 연구의 목적은 변화하는 자본주의 담론 속에서 유의미한 기업시민론의 개념과 이론모형을 설명하고 기업시민론에 관한 이론 리뷰를 근거로 협동조합과 한국 소비자생활협동조합(생협)의 사회적책임 활동과 실천쟁점을 토론하는 것이다. 본 연구는 변화하는 자본주의 담론과 인류사회의 위기상황에서 협동조합의 역할과 사회적책임을 기존의 ‘기업의 사회적책임(CSR) 이론’으로 설명하는 것은 부족하다고 평가한다. 따라서 확장된 기업시민론을 ‘협동조합시민론’이라는 용어로 수정하고 이를 중심으로 협동조합의 사회적책임을 설명하려고 한다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 문헌연구에 기반하여 기업시민론의 개념, 관점, 이론모형 등에 관한 선행연구와 이론을 검토한다. 또한, 협동조합시민론을 중심으로 협동조합이 이해관계자들의 시민권, 사회권, 정치권을 충족해왔던 역할을 조명한다. 국내 생협이 수행하는 기후위기실천에 대한 분석을 통해 협동조합시민의 실천 쟁점도 구체화한다. 본 논문의 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이론적으로 기업시민론의 개념과 이론모형을 자세하게 설명했으며 협동조합, 특히 생협의 사례를 통해 협동조합시민론을 토론하고 실천 쟁점을 구체화했다. 둘째, CSR을 실천하는 현장 실무자들에게 변화하는 자본주의 담론 내에서 유용한 CSR 전략과 관점을 제공해 주었다.
Abstract
This study aims to explain the concept and theoretical framework of corporate citizenship within the context of changing capitalism discourses and to discuss the social responsibility of cooperatives and practical issues of Korean consumer cooperatives based on a theoretical review of corporate citizenship. To this end, this study claims that the existing ‘corporate social responsibility (CSR) theory’ cannot adequately explain the role and ‘social responsibility of cooperatives’ in times of global crises in the shifting discourses of capitalism. The study aims to modify the expanded corporate citizenship as cooperative citizenship and explains the social responsibility of cooperative based on this concept. The study reviews existing research and theories on the concept, perspectives, and theoretical models of corporate citizenship to explain the social responsibility of cooperatives. Furthermore, the study sheds light on the role of cooperative in fulfilling stakeholders’ civil rights, social rights, and political rights based on cooperative citizenship. Additionally, this study provides a detailed analysis of the practices of Korean consumer cooperatives in addressing the climate crisis to specify the practical issues of cooperative citizenship. The implications are as follows: First, the study provides a detailed explanation of the concept and theoretical models of corporate citizenship and discusses cooperative citizenship through the case of cooperative, particularly domestic consumer cooperatives. Furthermore, it offers practical CSR strategies and perspectives within the changing capitalism discourse to practitioners implementing CSR.
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