미야자키하야오(宮崎駿)의 <바람계곡의 나우시카>에 나타난 莊子의 思想

Abstract

This reasearch aimed at investigating Changzhu(莊子)'s philosophical idea(思想) in the director Miyajaki Hayao(宮崎駿)'s animation <Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind(風の谷の ナウシカ), 1984>. Miyajaki Hayao, who made his debut with <Conan from the future(未來少年─), 1978> and have created lots of hit works, is the representative Japanese animator as well as the founder of animation factory, studio Ghibli, is called as an alive godfather of Japanese animation. However, recently a news of dissolution of studio Ghibli came along with the release of <The Wind rises(風立ちぬ), 2013> and announcement of retirement makes his lots of fans pitiful. In Miyajaki Hayao's works, we can find a few common grounds. First, appearance of an airplane which splits the sky. The scene in the animation, flying freely in the sky in the plane arouse the audience's illusion as if they fly in the sky, which part shares intention with Changzhu(莊子)'s Soyoyu(逍遙遊) of 「Naepyeon(內篇)」. 'Soyoyu(逍遙遊)', which means the state of absolute freedom without any restriction, meaning 'rambling and strolling', intended to resolve human desire by letting the audience experience unity of self and object(物我一體) by presenting a huge flying roc. Also, Miyajaki Hayao's works do not miss the description of beautiful background along with warm stories. Most of the characters in work live in a beautiful forest or stay in the nature, which shows the nature friendly sight. This sight can be found in the philosopher Changzhu(莊子)'s sight. Changzhu called the saint(聖人) as a person who takes 'beauty of the world' as the source and mastered 'the principle of all things', considering beauty of nature highly. His work 「Yangsaengju(養生主)」 of 「Naepyeon(內篇)」 described mastered Pojeong with the most essential sight of obeying the nature, culturing the life, through Pojeong Haewoo(庖丁解牛), an episode of Pojeong who caught a cow for Munhyegun(文惠君). This life which obeys the nature shares intention with the ecological message which <Nausicca of the Valley of the Wind> intended to deliver. On the land like desert where a huge industry fell, a forest of Buhae (腐海) appears, which emits toxic gas, differntly from the appearance of the people who want to burn out this Buhae, it shows conflict between them and Nausicaa, who came to know that Buhae was rather a place for purification, and makes us look back on the true meaning of life through showing the negative aspect generated by human selfishness along with the greatness of nature which Changzhu insisted in his Jemulron(齊物論).