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공해 예방 활동(P2)의 확산 방안 : 친환경경영시스템(EMS)과 직접적 환경 규제는대안적 관계인가 아니면 보완적 관계인가?

A Study on the Diffusion of Pollution Prevention(P2) : Does Environmental Management System Substitute or Complement to Regulations?

김지명|김재경
한국중소기업학회|2014.03|중소기업연구|제36권 제1호|pp. 87-112

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키워드

SMEs산업Firm SizeISO 14001기업 규모중소 제조 기업(SMEs)친환경경영시스템(EMS)오염 물질 통제 기술공해 예방 활동(P2)Pollution Control TechnologyPollution Prevention(P2)Legitimized EMSIndustry and ISO 14001 certified
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 공해 예방 활동(P2 : pollution prevention)의확산 방안을 모색하기 위한 조사 연구로서, 자발적인 친환경경영시스템과 오염 물질 처리․통제 기술의 적합성이 공해 예방 활동(P2)에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서설문에 참여한 중소 제조 기업들(SMEs)은 환경 규제 준수 비용의 부담이 크다고 인식하고있으며, SMEs은 대기업들에 비해서 환경 규제에 대응하여 친환경경영시스템, 오염 물질의통제와 예방과 같은 친환경경영 활동들(best practices)을 제도화하지 못하고 있는 것으로나타났다. 323개 국내 제조 기업의 설문 조사 자료를 분석한 결과, 기업 규모, 산업 효과그리고 ISO 14001 인증 변수들의 효과를 통제하면, 자발적인 친환경경영시스템(EMS)은P2 확산과 직접적인 관계가 아니라, 환경 규제 기준을 엄밀히 준수하는 오염 물질 통제기술을 통해서 간접적인 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 직접적인 환경 규제준수의 완전 매개 기능의 분석 결과를 기초로 이론적 시사점과 SMEs의 정책적 시사점이제시되었다.

Abstract

This study finds that manufacturing facilities, including SMEs in theentire sample perceive the high regulatory compliance pressures and all respondentsof SMEs were nearly not used the best practices such as environmental managementsystem (EMS), pollution control technology, and pollution prevention (P2) as a programof plant-level improvement. Using the survey data from 323 Korean manufacturingfirms, we examine the mediating effect of pollution control technologyon the relationship of legitimized environmental management system and P2, controllingindustries, firm size, and ISO 14001 certified. The survey results show thatthe pollution control technology completely mediate the relationship of legitimizedenvironmental management system and P2.

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