침습적 반추와 의도적 반추가 외상 후 성장 및 우울에 미치는 영향 : 사건중심성과 내면화된 수치심의 매개효과
The Mediating Effects of Centrality of Event and Internalized Shame on the Relationship between Event-related Rumination and Growth / Depression after Trauma
1
조회
0
다운로드
6
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구에서는 외상사건 경험 후 나타나는 사건관련 반추와 외상 후 성장 및 우울의 관계에서 사건중심성과 내면화된 수치심이 가지는 매개효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 전국에 있는 20대부터 50대까지의 성인 400명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하고, 통계적 분석을 실시하였다. 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사건중심성은 의도적 반추와 외상 후 성장의 관계를 부분 매개하는 것으로 확인되었다. 의도적 반추가 외상 후 성장에 이르는 직접효과는 유의하였으나, 사건중심성이 매개하는 간접효과의 크기가 상대적으로 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 내면화된 수치심은 침습적 반추와 우울의 관계를 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 침습적 반추로부터 우울로 이어지는 직접효과는 유의하지 않았고, 내면화된 수치심이 매개하는 간접효과만이 유의한 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 외상 후 성장과 우울을 함께 고려함으로써 외상사건 경험 후에 나타날 수 있는 현상에 대해 좀 더 포괄적이고 통합적인 시각을 제공하고자 하였다는데 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of centrality of event and internalized shame on the relationship between event-related rumination and growth / depression after trauma. For the study, we collected data and performed statistical analysis on 400 adults in their 20s to 50s across the country. The main results of the study are as follows: First, centrality of event partially mediated the relationship between deliberate rumination and posttraumatic growth. The direct effect of deliberate rumination on posttraumatic growth was significant, but the magnitude of indirect effect mediated by centrality of event was relatively large. Second, internalized shame fully mediated the relationship between intrusive rumination and depression. The direct effect of intrusive rumination on depression was not significant, and only indirect effect mediated by internalized shame was significant. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed.
참고문헌 (34)
- 안현의, "한국판 사건관련 반추 척도(K-ERRI)의 타당화", 인지행동치료, 13(1), pp.149~172 (2013), 한국인지행동치료학회
- Allen, J. G., "Course of Illness Following Specialized Inpatient Treatment for Women with Trauma-related Psychopathology", Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 64(2), pp.235~256 (2000)
- Andrew, B., "Predicting PTSD symptoms in victims of violent crime: The role of shame, anger, and childhood abuse", Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(1), pp.69~73 (2000)
- Bernsten, D., "Centrality of Event Scale. A measure of integrating a trauma into one's identity and its relation to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms", Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, pp.219~231 (2006)
- Boals, A., "A double edged sword: Event centrality, PTSD and posttraumatic growth", Applied Cognitive Psychology, 25, pp.817~822 (2011)
- Boals, A., "Advancing Our Understanding of Posttraumatic Growth by Considering Event Centrality", Journal of Loss and Trauma, 15, pp.518~533 (2010)
- Cann, A., "Assessing posttraumatic cognitive processes: The event related rumination inventory", Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 24(2), pp.137~156 (2011)
- Chan, M. A., "A comparison between female psychiatric outpatients with BPD and female university students in terms of trauma, internalized shame and psychiatric symptomatology", Traumatology, 11(1), pp.23~40 (2005)
- Cho, M. S., "A Validation Study of the Centrality of Event Scale – Korean Version", The Korean Journal of Psychology: General, 30(3), pp.763~774 (2011)
- Choi, E. Y., "Effects of Childhood Interpersonal Trauma Exposure on Impaired Self-Capacities in College Women: The Mediating Role of Internalized Shame", pp.2010
- Choi, S. M., "Exploration of Posttraumatic Growth related variables", pp.2008
- Chon, K. K., "Integrated Adaption of CES-D in Korea", The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 6(1), pp.59~76 (2001)
- Cook, D. R., "Internalized shame scale: Technical manual" (2001), Multi Health System Inc
- Eom, M. S., "The relationship of core Belief Challenge, intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, and posttraumatic growth: testing moderating effect of decentering", pp.2014
- Goss, K., "An exploration of shame measures-Ⅰ: The Other As Shamer scale", Personality and Individual Differences, 17(5), pp.713~717 (1994)
- Groleau, J. M., "The Role of Centrality of Events in Posttraumatic Distress and Posttraumatic Growth", Psychological Trauma, 5(5), pp.477~483 (2013)
- Kim, H. S., "The Moderating Effects of Time Perspective on the Relationship between Centrality of Event and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth", pp.2016
- 이인숙, "내면화된 수치심 척도(ISS)의 타당화 연구- 애착, 과민성 자기애, 외로움과의 관계", 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 17(3), pp.651~670 (2005), 한국상담심리학회
- Lee, N. Y., "The Effects of Emotional Trauma in Childhood on the Depression in Adulthood: Mediating Effects of Anger-in and Displaced Aggression", pp.2016
- Lim, J., "The Influence of Adolescence's Actual-ideal Self Discrepancies on Depression: Mediating effects of the Shame and Ruminative response style", pp.2008
- 박소윤, "사건중심성과 외상 후 성장의 관계 분석", 상담학연구, 16(5), pp.141~155 (2015), 한국상담학회[DOI]
- Preacher, K. J., "SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models", Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36(4), pp.717~731 (2004)
- Radloff, L. S., "The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population", Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), pp.385~401 (1977)
- Seon, D. Y., "The mediation effects of internalized shame and self-silencing on the relationship between actual-ideal self-discrepancies and depressed mood", pp.2016
- Shim, J. O., "The Effects of Shame - proneness, Guilt - proneness and Event Attribution on Depression", Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 19(3), pp.485~499 (2000)
- Shrout, P. E., "Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: new procedures and recommendations", Psychological methods, 7(4), pp.422~445 (2002)
- Sim, H. R., "The Influence of Internalized Shame on Interpersonal Satisfaction: Testing the Mediated Moderation Effect of Rumination and Self-Compassion", pp.2016
- Song, S. H., "Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory", pp.2007
- Taku, K., "The role of rumination in the coexistence of distress and posttraumatic growth among bereaved japanese university students", Death Studies, 32(5), pp.428~444 (2008)
- Tedeschi, R. G., "Trauma & transformation: Growing in the aftermath of suffering" (1995), Sage
- Tedeschi, R. G., "The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma", Journal of traumatic stress, 9(3), pp.455~471 (1996)
- Tedeschi, R. G., "Posttraumatic growth: Conceptual foundations and empirical evidence", Psychological Inquiry, 15(1), pp.1~18 (2004)
- Yoo, R. K., "The effect of optimism on posttraumatic growth: moderating roles of event-related rumination and coping strategies", pp.2012
- Zoellner, T., "Posttraumatic growth in clinical psychology-A critical review and introduction of a two component model", Clinical Psychology Review, 26(5), pp.626~653 (2006)