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자극의 복잡성, 주의집중방식 및 연령에 따른 이분숫자청취 능력 비교

Effects of Stimulus Complexity, Attention Mode & Age on Dichotic Digit Tests

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 한국어를 이용한 이분숫자청취검사를 자극의 복잡성, 주의집중방식, 연령에 따라 귀별로 수행능력을 측정함으로써 한국인의 청각정보처리능력과 이분숫자청취검사의 임상적 유용성을 살펴보는데 그 목적이 있다. 2를 제외한 1-10까지의 한국어 숫자를 사용하여 1-4 digit pair의 이분숫자청취검사의 음원을 제작하였다. 20대 성인 20명과 7 ~ 12세의 각 연령별 10씩 총 60명의 아동을 대상으로 이분숫자청취검사를 실시하였다. 첫째, 성인을 대상으로 1-4 digit pair로 자극의 복잡성을 증가시켜 수행능력을 살펴본 결과, 자극 복잡성이 증가할수록 수행능력이 유의하게 감소하였으며 우측 귀 우세(right ear advantage, REA)도 증가하였다. 둘째, 첫 번째 실험과 동일한 대상자에게 3가지의 주의집중방식(Free-recall, Precued-Rt, Precued-Lt)에서 2와 3 digit pair의 조건을 이용하여 수행능력을 살펴본 결과, 주의집중방식에 영향을 덜 받는 것으로 나타났으나 자극의 복잡성을 2-3 digit pair로 증가하였을 때, Free-recall, Precued-Rt, Precued-Lt 방식에서 모두 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 3 digit pair의 경우 REA가 Free-recall과 Precued-Rt에서 보였으나 Precued-Lt에서는 Precued-Lt조건에서 좌측 귀 우세효과 LEA(left ear advantage, LEA)를 보였다. 셋째, 아동과 성인을 대상으로 1과 2 digit pair 이분숫자청취검사를 실시하여 각 연령별 수행능력을 살펴본 결과, 연령이 증가할수록 1과 2 digit pair 모두에서 양측 귀 모두 수행능력이 증가하였다. REA는 연령이 증가할수록 감소하였는데 10세 이전에는 유의미하게 나타났으나 10세 이후에는 유의하게 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구 결과들은 전 연령대의 중추청각처리평가를 위한 효율적인 이분숫자청취검사 자극으로 Free-recall 방식의 2 digit이 적절하다는 것을 지지한다고 할 수 있다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study aimed to investigate auditory processing abilities in the adults and school-aged children by measuring effects of stimulus complexity, attention mode, and age on the dichotic listening tests. Korean digits (1-10, except 2) spoken by a male speaker were used in dichotic listening paradigms. Dichotic digit tests were conducted in a hierarchical set of dichotic digits (one-, two-, three-, or four-digit pairs) and attention modes (Free-recall, Precued-Rt or Precued-Lt). Twenty adults (aged 20-28 years) and sixty school-aged children (aged 7-12 years) participated in this study. The results of this study were summarized as follows; First, recognition performance decreased as the complexity of the dichotic digit tests increased. There were no significant recognition differences between one- and two-digit conditions. However, recognition performance decreased significantly with increased from three to four pairs. Recognition performance showed larger for the right ear than for the left ear. Second, there were no significant differences among the three attention modes. The REAs in all attention modes were obtained except for the Precued-Lt condition with three-digit pairs. Third, as the age increased from 7 to 12 years, recognition performance increased significantly from 67.00% to 94.25% for the right ear and from 53.00% to 91.50% for the left ear in the two-digit pair conditions. The REA decreased with age. There was no significant REA at the age of 10 years in the two-digit pair conditions and recognition performance approached the adult level at the age of 12 years. Dichotic listening tests are one of the most sensitive batteries for the evaluation of central auditory mechanism and processing. This study examined parameters of dichotic listening tests and the results suggest that the dichotic listening tests can be usefully applied for the evaluation of central auditory processing in the Korean school-aged and adult populations.

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