자폐성아동의 놀이다움 평정척도(Playfulness of Test: ToP) 에 대한 타당도와 신뢰도
Validity and Reliability of a Test of Playfulness(ToP) in Children with Autism
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 놀이다움 평정척도를 자폐성아동에게 적용했을 때 놀이다움(playfulness)수준 측정을 위한 적합성을 조사하기 위해, 자폐성아동이 놀이다움 평정척도에 반응한 문항반응 타당도와 피험자 반응 타당도, 그리고 평정자간 신뢰도를 구하는데 있다. 놀이다움 평정 척도는 총 29문항이며, 동기근원, 통제지각, 현실감 부재, 참조체계등 4개의 하위요소로 구성된 관찰적 진단도구다. 본 연구대상은 자폐성아동 22명으로 36개월부터 132개월 사이에 있는 아동이며, CARS 점수가 30-44점의 범위에 있다. 본 연구의 연구대상은 자유놀이상황에서 15분간 비디오 촬영한 후 점수화하여 얻어진 원점수를 Rasch 분석하였다. 그 결과 자폐성아동을 대상으로 한 놀이다움 평정척도의 문항반응 타당도는 92.9%가 Rasch 측정모델에 적합하였고, 피험자 반응 타당도는 95.46% Rasch측정모델에 적합하였다. 평정자간 신뢰도는 98%의 적합도를 보였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine Validity and Reliability of a Test of Playfulness(ToP) in children with autism. The subjects of this study were 22 children with autism ranging in age from 36 to 132 months. The Test of Playfulness (ToP) is an observational assesment requiring no special equipment. The ToP reflects three elements of play: intrinsic motivation, suspension of reality and internal locus of control. Playfulness was evaluated on 29 items. Scores on the ToP were derived through observation of videotapes of children each playing for approximately 15 minutes indoors or 15 minutes outdoors. Validity of item response/person response and reliability was examined using the Winsteps Rasch analysis. Results suggested that the ToP is valid when applied to children with autism
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