A Mixed-Method Analysis of Scaffolding Patterns of High-, Average-, and Low-Achieving Students when Solving Complex Math Problems in Multimedia Environment
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The purpose of this observational study was two-fold. First, we examined the differences between achievement groups’ cognitive strategies in solving a complex math problem in computer-based assessment (CBA). Then we investigated whether the use of strategies have changed after a constructivist instruction. The tests were administered before and after they had participated for four weeks in a video-based math anchored instruction curriculum. Students’ activity on screen while problem- solving were recorded and analyzed. Four different scaffolding codes for cognitive strategies were used in the analysis. The results show that, low achieving students used more procedural scaffolding than the higher achieving peers. Students used more problem relevant scaffolding post-instruction than pre-instruction. The data indicate that the cognitive strategies used by the low-achievers have become to resemble more like the high-achievers after EAI. Implications for future research and related practices are discussed.
Abstract
The purpose of this observational study was two-fold. First, we examined the differences between achievement groups’ cognitive strategies in solving a complex math problem in computer-based assessment (CBA). Then we investigated whether the use of strategies have changed after a constructivist instruction. The tests were administered before and after they had participated for four weeks in a video-based math anchored instruction curriculum. Students’ activity on screen while problem- solving were recorded and analyzed. Four different scaffolding codes for cognitive strategies were used in the analysis. The results show that, low achieving students used more procedural scaffolding than the higher achieving peers. Students used more problem relevant scaffolding post-instruction than pre-instruction. The data indicate that the cognitive strategies used by the low-achievers have become to resemble more like the high-achievers after EAI. Implications for future research and related practices are discussed.
참고문헌 (30)
- Agran, M, "Teachers’ Guides to Inclusive Practices: Student-directed learning" (2003), Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes
- Bandura, A, "Self-efficacy. In Encyclopedia of human behavior", pp.71~81 (1994), New York: Academic Press
- Bottge, B. A, "Effects of video-based and applied problems on the procedural math skills of average- and low-achieving adolescents", Journal of Special Education Technology, 18(2), pp.5~22 (2003)
- Bottge, B. A, "Weighing the benefits of anchored math instruction for students with disabilities in general education classes", The Journal of Special Education, 35(4), pp.186~200 (2002)
- Bottge, B. A, "Shrinking Achievement Differences With Anchored Math Problems", The Journal of Special Education, 41(1), pp.31~49 (2007)
- Brush, T, "Implementation and evaluation of a student-centered learning unit: a case study", Educational Technology Research and Development, 38(3), pp.79~100 (2000)
- Brush, T, "Implementing technology-enhanced student centered learning activities in the classroom: Models and recommendations", Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (2001)
- Cognition and Technology Group at Vanderbilt, "The Jasper project: Lessons in curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development" (1997), NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
- Floyd, R. G, "Relations between measures of Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) abilities and mathematics achievement across the school-age years", Psychology in the Schools, 60, pp.155~171 (2003)
- Gallagher, S, "Implementing problem-based learning in science classrooms", School Science and Mathematics, 95(3), pp.136~146 (1995)
- Ge, X, "Scaffolding students’ problem-solving processes in an ill-structured task using question prompts and peer interactions", Educational Technology Research and Development, 51(1), pp.21~38 (2003)
- Ge, X, "A conceptual framework for scaffolding ill-structured problem-solving processes using question prompts and peer interactions", Educational Technology Research and Development, 52(2), pp.5~22 (2004)
- Hannafin, M. J, "Learning in open environments: Assumptions, methods, and implications", Educational Technology, 34(8), pp.48~55 (1994)
- Hannafin, M, "Open learning environments: Foundations, methods, and models. In Instructional Design Theories and Models", pp.115~140 (1999), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
- Hung, Y, "The effects of prior knowledge on mathematics learning of adolescents with or without learning disabilities", 박사, pp.2005
- Iiyoshi, T, "Cognitive tools for open-ended learning environments: Theoretical and implementation perspectives", Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Research Association (1998)
- Lajoie, S. P, "Extending the scaffolding metaphor", Instructional Science, 33, pp.541~557 (2005)
- Lave, J, "Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation" (1991), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Lee, S. H, "Curriculum augmentation and adaptation strategies to promote access to the general curriculum for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities", EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, 41(3), pp.199~212 (2006), COUNCIL EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN
- Lian, M, "An investigation into high-achiever and low-achiever knowledge organisation and knowledge processing in concept mapping: A case study", Research in Science Education, 28(3), pp.337~352 (1998)
- Liu, M, "An analysis of cognitive tool use patterns in a hypermedia learning environment", Educational Technology Research and Development, 53(1), pp.5~21 (2005)
- McGrew, K. S, "The relationship between the WJ-R Gf-Gc cognitive clusters and mathematics achievement across the life span", Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 13, pp.21~38 (1995)
- Puntambekar, S, "Designing navigation support in hypertext systems based on navigation patterns", Instructional Science, 33(5), pp.451~481 (2005)
- Reid, R, "Research in self-monitoring with students with learning disabilities: The present, the prospects, the pitfalls", Journal of Learning Disabilities, 29, pp.317~331 (1996)
- 성유진, "스터디-가이드를 이용한 자기주도 학습전략 교수가 정신지체 초등학생의 읽기과제 수행과 정반응율에 미치는 효과", 특수교육, 8(2), pp.5~31 (2009), 특수교육연구소
- Simons, K. D, "The impact of scaffolding and student achievement levels in a problem-based learning environment", Instructional Science, 35, pp.41~72 (2007)
- Vygotsky, L. S, "Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes" (1978), Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
- Winn, W, "Cognitive perspectives in psychology. In Handbook for research for educational communications and technology", pp.112~142 (1996), New York: Simon & Schuster Macmillan
- Wu, Y, "Development of Elementary School Students’ Cognitive Structures and Information Processing Strategies Under Long-Term Constructivist- Oriented Science Instruction", Science Education, 89(5), pp.822~846 (2005)
- Zydney, J. M, "Eighth-grade students defining complex problems: The effectiveness of scaffolding in a multimedia program", Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 14(1), pp.61~90 (2005)
