조나단 에드워즈의 칭의론의 방법론적 분석
A Methdological Analysis of Jonathan Edwards’ Doctrine of Justification
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이 논문은 조나단 에드워즈의 이신칭의 교리를 방법론적인 관점에서 분석을하며, 에드워즈가 칭의 설명함에 있어서 “그리스도와의 연합”을 논의의 틀과방법론으로 사용하고 있음을 보이는데 목적이 있다. “그리스도와의 연합”은,에드워즈에게 있어서, 개인의 구원(ordo salutis)을 그리스도의 사역(historiasalutis)을 배경으로 이해하는 것을 가능하게 한다. 이 방법론적 분석을 통해서 우리는, 첫째, 그리스도의 의가 갖는 구속사적 의미가 어떻게 개인의 칭의의 근거가 되는지와, 둘째, 그리스도와의 연합의 동작으로 정의되는 믿음은 오직 그리스도만이 칭의의 근거가 되게 하며 고로 전적으로 어떤 행위의개입을 배제하는지 보게 된다. 에드워즈의 칭의론을 새삼 살펴보는 것은 그가 전형적인 종교개혁 교리를 논리의 정교성만으로 재론한 것이 아니라 그의 방법론이 충분히 우리가 관심을 가질만한 부분이기 때문이다. 그의 방법론의 유효성은 그의 이신칭의 설교가 역사에 남는 노쓰햄톤 부흥사건을 일으켰다는 사실을 통해서 검증된 바 있다. 이신칭의 교리를 통해서 에드워즈는 구속사적 관점에서 그리스도의 복음을 소개하였으며 그 하나님의 구원사역이 오직 믿음으로 우리의 것이 된다고 할 때에 복음의 역사가 있었던것이다. 에드워즈의 칭의론은 그런 의미에서, 우선 내용면에서, 종교개혁이 회복한 은혜의 복음을 충실하게 지켰을 뿐 아니라, 특별히 형식(방법론)면에서도, 효과적으로 그 목적을 달성할 수 있었다.
Abstract
This article is to analyze Jonathan Edwards’s doctrine of justification by faith from a methodological point of view and to demonstrate that union with Christ was employed as a framework and methodology for discussion and elaboration of the doctrine. Union with Christ, for Edwards, makes possible to understand personal salvation (ordo salutis) with reference to the work of Christ (historia salutis). Through the methodological analysis we learn, first, how the righteousness of Christ may be the ground for the believers’s justification and, second, how faith defined as an act of union with Christ denies all works to be the ground for justification besides the work of Christ alone. Our take of Edwards’s doctrine is not just motivated by theological precision in his elaboration of the doctrine but by the methodology employed by him. The effectiveness of his methodology had been already proven through the history-making revival event of Northampton, when he preached justification by faith in Christ alone. In this regard, Edwards’s doctrine of justification not only defended in content the Reformation doctrine but achieved particularly in form its intended purpose of the doctrine.
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